tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38329379341022279752024-02-08T07:41:24.047-08:00Letter writing paperRit Essay TopicsMeredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.comBlogger186125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-76588254466308151082020-08-24T13:44:00.001-07:002020-08-24T13:44:05.217-07:00Organizations That Impact Mining Industry Essay - 1Associations That Impact Mining Industry - Essay Example security and wellbeing organization), SME (Society of Mining Industry), NIOSH (National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health), NMA (National Mining affiliation), EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) and the Sierra Club. This paper will concentrate on how these foundations work and the noteworthiness of these establishments for the mining business (Woodard 416). The reason for MSHA is to guarantee and ensure the minersââ¬â¢ of USA and the network from wounds, sicknesses and passings caused because of mining exercises. As indicated by Mine Act, the capacity of the MSHA is to assess surface mines for two times per year and underground digs for multiple times every annum. This review is led by the assessors of the MSHA, they lead this overview to guarantee that the mines are created in agreement to the rules gave by the Mine Act and the mine proprietors and administrators are following the principles proposed by the mine Act. The Act further requires the investigators of MSHA to give a request to the administrators of the mine in the event of rebelliousness with the Mine Act (MSHA, 2012). SME includes eight distinct divisions and every division is made to serve to the greatest advantage of the individuals from SME. Individuals from these divisions incorporate understudies just as expert architects. The capacity of SME is to carry headway to the network of minerals with the help of sharing data and creating experts. SME itself is a part association of American Institute of Mining which was made during the time of 1871 by few coal diggers. SME gives data to its individuals and participates in the advancement of its individuals by furnishing them with specialized companion checked on diary articles, facilitating workshops, authorizing universities and giving instruction to the regular open. Understudies of the building field can profit through SME in a few different ways (SME, 2012). They need to follow through on limited cost to turn into an individual from the association and with this participation they Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-8033947700837704192020-08-22T01:27:00.001-07:002020-08-22T01:27:29.163-07:00Work Ethics in Children an Example of the Topic Economics Essays byHard working attitudes in Children Training a hard working attitude is significant. We have a ton of grown-ups, who don't show a solid awareness of other's expectations, which is the reason for a decent working mentality. Desires that are formatively reasonable give youngsters the feeling of accomplishment, which is simply the premise to manufacture regard. Whenever we neglect to give chances to genuine work, we are denying offspring of the chance to develop which is a significant viewpoint in ones life. Need article test on Hard working attitudes in Children subject? We will compose a custom article test explicitly for you Continue Children (and even adults) will in general oversee duties better when there is a timetable. At the point when everybody realizes what ought to be done before they go out in the first part of the day, what occurs at dinnertime, what must be done before the day's end on Saturday, it is all considerably more conceivable to occur. In the event that, for instance, you organize the possibility that beds are to be made before everyone goes out on their day by day tasks, you dont need to discuss it any longer. Its only a piece of the example of the day. In the event that everybody knows already what their Saturday morning task is, you dont need to experience a week by week quarrel about who will do what. Guardians ought to recall not to tragically relieve children of all tasks since they have schoolwork, tennis, and move practice. There will consistently be different things that appear to be more essential to do than the housework. Show the kids how to adjust their time, work in schedules, and how to be contributing individuals from the family. It will be smarter to think about the outcomes before hand, maybe at a similar gathering where you have designated who would do what. Ask the children what they think would be a sensible method to manage individuals who doesnt complete a lot of work. For the most part, when really asked, youngsters concoct far harder results than the guardians would. Bring them down to something handy and reasonable. On the off chance that you find that the outcome all of you have set doesnt work, dont get frantic. Assemble another conference, and make a survey of how the family needs to deal with the issue. Sharing work additionally implies sharing crafted by making sense of how the work best completes. At the point when everybody enthusiastically takes an interest in family unit tasks, the work completes without overburdening any one individual from the family, and has everybody liking themselves. For kids and teenagers, school is their fundamental employment. Families affect how understudies feel about homework, participation and execution. Grown-ups who pay attention to their work by day by day participation, instantaneousness, and finish on work duties will think that its simpler to establish a connection upon understudies the hugeness of their homework. Its never too soon to make an uplifting viewpoint towards school and the work that accompanies it. Making a Schoolwork Ethic: Talk regularly to youngsters about the significance of school. Put forth for them that it is a fundamental concern and that, while fun and diversion are significant, they should hold up until school duties are met. While no kid ought to ever go to class sick, guardians should set the desire that kids need to go to class each planned day except if they are genuinely sick or a crisis emerges. Permitting understudies to play hooky for a slight diseases, for routine arrangements, or for shopping or different exercises sends the message that school isn't an occupation to be paid attention to. Upholding a sensible routine sleep time guarantees that the youngsters will be very much rested for the following days work. Show enthusiasm for your childs school understanding. Guardians ought to go to all school gatherings, become acquainted with the educators, and much of the time get some information about school exercises, companions and studies. Tell the children that you give it a second thou ght and that you anticipate that them should put forth a valiant effort. On the off chance that they are having any troubles, offer to support them or to discover other people who can help. While theres no assurance that your kids will consider school to be significant on the grounds that you need them to, the odds that they will build up a positive homework ethic are expanded if your words and activities bolster school as a need. Teaching hard working attitudes in kids: Guardians ought to endeavor hard to give kids many differed chances to find out about their reality. Guardians can utilize discussion, discourse, film, and books to impart much of the time and finally with kids. Plan and execute a fitting educational program for the youngsters, to assist kids with learning constantly and all over the place. Feature and model the conduct you need youngsters to show. Show esteems for all intents and purposes and show practices that are imperative to youngsters. Guardians should investigate their own perspectives about family unit assignments. Ensure that grown-ups and kids the same, does a decent amount of work. At whatever point conceivable, do errands together. Tasks ought to be made daily schedule and normal. Make results an exercise in correspondence. At the point when everybody at home aides, there will be a great opportunity to do things that individuals need to do. Guardians should make a decent attempt to impart some basic hard working attitudes in kids, for instance, Punctuality, collaboration, demeanor, participation, character, appearance, efficiency, appropriate correspondence, regard and different abilities. Utilizing these character characteristics in your kids all through his youth, improves the confidence of the youngster, and will help him over the long haul. Compensating kids for coming clean, setting elevated expectations for homework, requesting dependability and right participation, and expecting them to finish on duties, make the kids progressively mindful of their obligations. Every second you spend preparing your youngster in these characteristics actually pays off later on. In a world that excels through situational morals, guardians should enable their youngster to stand apart by instructing them to carry on with a dedicated life. Show the youngster that building up a notoriety for genuineness and unwavering quality with bosses just as individual workers is the manner by which to turn into a genuine progress. ( Teaching hard working attitudes, http://www.aop.com/enews/hsview/09.07.06/ethics.php). References Imagine a scenario where a Work ethic starts early, December 12, 2006, Exchange Everyday. Marie Hartwell-Walker, December 12, 2006, Teaching a hard working attitude, Psych Central, Betty Lou Barsley-Marra, Parenting Again, September 2006, Teaching hard working attitudes, Home School View. Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-10280716284982140812020-07-21T05:43:00.001-07:002020-07-21T05:43:03.688-07:00Books Guaranteed to Bust Your Reading SlumpBooks Guaranteed to Bust Your Reading Slump Weve all been there: the dreaded reading slump. Reading slumps can seem intolerable since they go on forever and you never know how youll make it through (or if, ugh). But then somehow you find a magical book that jolts you out of it. Even Rioters are not immune to the book slump. For everyone who is out there now in reading slump land, here are some of Book Riot writers all-time favorite guaranteed slumpbusters. Who you going to call? Slumpbusters! Ex Libris: Confessions of a Common Reader by Anne Fadiman It took me a while to figure out I couldnât cure my reading slump with just a good novel. I had to fall in love with reading again. Anne Fadimanâs short (162 pages) memoir that compiles essays about her lifelong passion for reading jolted me out of my slump by helping me remember how much I love to read and how meaningful books have been for me over my life. I read it the first week in January a few years ago, and it was a refreshing spark that lasted through a whole year of reading. I would recommend it to anyone looking to get out of a slump and back in touch with their relationship to reading. â"Sarah S. Davis When Dimple Met Rishi by Sandhya Menon Not only did this book get me through a reading slump, it got me through the 2016 U.S. Presidential election. The book should get a gold-star for that alone. It is completely delightful and lovely with a main character, Dimple, who I alternated between wanting to hug, befriend, mentor, and shrink in order to keep in my pocket because sheâs just so great. If rooting for a lovely, smart, independent character while also laughing is what your life needs right now, let Dimple, and Rishi, bring some joy into your life and get you back to getting lost inside a book.â"Jamie Canaves One Day Weâll All Be Dead and None of This Will Matter by Scaachi Koul Some people have slumps between long spells of reading, but of late Iâve only been having standalone books which Iâm able to complete between months of DNFing everything in sight. Scaachi Koulâs memoir was hilarious and excellent. Her writing flows in a way that compellingly pulls you in regardless of how shitty a day youâve had or how much is on your mind. Itâs one of the most honest, genuine books Iâve read in a while, and it was a great reading slump breakthrough for me. I read it in one sitting, but itâs also a good pick to keep in your bag for rereads or reading on your commute.â"Deepali Agarwal Trigger Warning by Neil Gaiman I go back to Neilâs introductions to remind myself that stories can still happen, to read and to write. Trigger Warning is an inspiring piece of work, showing his various collected short stories and poems, running the gauntlet from melancholy hope to downright horror. Thereâs even some black comedy with a short story about a tanning cream that changes the narratorâs older sister. This collection gives me the courage to try new books, to find more words before I forget them. â"Priya Sridhar The Vanderbeekers of 141st Street by Karina Glaser My normal reading slump strategy is to re-read an old favorite; nearly any old favorite will do, and the longer itâs been a favorite, the betterâ"which means I often re-read books for younger readers. But I busted this slump, which is sort of an ongoing state of being as a woman living in the world in 2017, with a new favorite, which happens to be a book for younger readers. Fellow Rioter Karina Glaser managed to capture everything that I love about so many middle grade books of my youth, all in one lovely, modern story about a family of nifty kids. Guaranteed feel-good slumpbusting, with a side of feelings. â"Annika Barranti Klein This is How You Lose Her by Junot DÃaz I find myself returning to DÃazâs writing whenever Iâm in a reading or writing slump. Thereâs something about his language and the way that his voice comes to life that centers me creatively. This is How You Lose Her is his second collection of short stories and his most recent book. The first paragraph of the first story is enough to drag you in and keep you there.â"Rachel Wagner The Goose Girl by Shannon Hale I was a voracious reader as a kid, but in high school I got bogged down by the increased pressure of assignments, grades, and reading thick classics for English class. I feared that books had lost their magical ability to transport me out of my head and into another world. When I picked up The Goose Girl, though, I couldnât put it down. I was enraptured by the beautiful prose of this YA fantasy about Ani, a humble princess who can speak to animals but gets tongue-tied around people. I procrastinated on my homework to see how Ani overcomes a mutiny and stolen identity. When I finished, I had fallen in love with the power of a good story all over again.â"Emily Polson The Giver by Lois Lowry When Iâm in a true reading slump, I search for comfort. I search for the known. I search for the first book that sparked that desire to consume every book I come in contact with. I need something to remind me of that feeling where you literally canât bring yourself to put a book down. Where you spend your day at work thinking about getting back home so you can finish. And for me, that book is The Giver by Lois Lowry. For me, slumpbusters have to be a quick read that is highly engaging, and The Giver fits both of those requirements. Iâve also found in general that middle grade or young adult books are a great way to break myself out of the dreading reading slump.â"Elizabeth Allen Anything by Agatha Christie Reading anything by the Queen of Crime usually snaps me right out of a reading slump. Even if itâs a book of hers Iâve read before, Iâve probably forgotten who the murderer is, and itâs always fun to guess. Thereâs something comforting about Christieâs formulaâ"strangers gathered together, including at least one spinster and one retired general; a country house, a train, or a small village; a very effective poison. Stir all and combineâ"that makes me remember that thereâs nothing better than settling in and finishing a book in one sitting. Some of my favourite Christies to beat a slump: Murder on the Orient Express, The ABC Murders, and anything starring Miss Marple.â"Kathleen Keenan Steampunk Romance When Iâm in a slump, itâs usually because I need something light and energizing to read, and for me that seems to mean steampunk romance. Gail Carriger, Bec McMaster, and Meljean Brook are my go-tos. They balance adventure, romance, travel, and dirigibles in a way that always lifts me out of my slump and reminds me of what I love about reading.â"Aimee Miles A Loverâs Shame by AlTonya Washington When I am in a reading slump, I have to read a familiar favorite, which is usually anything by AlTonya Washington. Her Ramsey/Tesano saga is one that I never tire of rereading. Isak and Sabellas story in A Lovers Shame is one that I know by heart and is filled with Washingtons signature threads of mystery, betrayal and sensual romance. This book is also the culmination of one half of a saga and the beginning of another dangerous one. The way the suspense and romance weave seamlessly together in this novel always rejuvenates me and helps to take me out of my slump. â"Natalya Muncuff Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-76408551688602927062020-05-22T00:14:00.001-07:002020-05-22T00:14:02.573-07:00Written And Oral Communication Skills - 1223 Words Written and Oral Communication Skills Criminal justice is an area of justice which functions in view of on the tremendous increase in criminal activities (Levine, 2002). The technological development has fueled savvy in the organization and the rates of committing crimes. In light of this, there are numerous job opportunities that require people who are qualified in criminal justice to help curb this menace. Other than the technical skills, they also require the potential candidates to have relevant writing and communication skills. These skills are emphasized on each job vacancy regarding criminal justice; hence, this paper outlines the major required writing and communicating skills, and their effectiveness. To start with, the potential or the aspiring candidate should uphold excellent research, writing and analytical skills. It is quite evident that the work of criminal justice officer involves unearthing hidden information to accrue evidence or a link to the case an officer is de aling with. This requires deluxe research skills that will enable the officer to acquire the information required. Similarly, the officer has to employ critical thinking and analytical skills when engaging in this research (Teller, 2006). Moreover, on the job requirements, the applicant is supposed to be an eloquent communicator with impeccable presentation skills. Communication is the backbone pillar for an effective criminal justice officer. In the field of work, the officer is expected toShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Oral Communication Skills Among University Graduates From A Managerial Perspective995 Words à |à 4 PagesThe gap between oral communication proficiency among university graduates and the workplace requirements of the same has received a contentious attention in the recent past. Due to industrial transformation and global competition, university students are increased being required to integrate their oral skills and their specialized knowledge for them to gain an edge in the job market and remain synchronized with the world as well. Notably, oral communication has become a backbone of most businessesRead MoreVerbal Communication And Oral Communication1281 Words à |à 6 Pagesoral communication skill it is the verbal Communication, there is also a nonverbal communication linked to oral communication which is simply a personââ¬â¢s body language and eye contact and hand gestures. 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From a business perspective, effective communication is an absolute must, because it commonly accounts for the difference between success and failure or profit and loss. It has become clear that effective business communication is critical to the successful operation of Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-64007543027763873472020-05-07T00:03:00.020-07:002020-05-07T00:05:10.569-07:00Ethics in the Mortgage Lending Business - 1566 Words Ethics in the Mortgage Lending Business In America each person believes it is his or her right to own a home. Banks believe they should give each person the money to finance a home. Countrywide was at the forefront for many years in providing loans to consumers. Their ethics were placed into question when homeowners started losing homes after 2006. Bank of America intervened to assist on home loans affected. Their strong code of ethics, team values, and guiding principles ensured clients that their loans would be secured. Ethics During the time prior to the mortgage crisis, the economy was looking good to the mortgage brokers and lenders in the United States as well as new homeowners. After all, it is the ââ¬ËAmerican Dreamââ¬â¢ to own aâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Bank of America s company philosophy is ââ¬Å"we believe, very simply, that it is the actions of individuals working together that build strong communities ... and that business has an obligation to support those actions in the communities it servesâ⬠(Lewis). As stated on their company website overview, Bank of America is committed to creating meaningful change in the communities they serve through their philanthropic efforts, associate volunteerism, community development, and investing, support of the arts, and environmental initiatives (Bank of America, n.d.). Their neighborhood revitalization and stabilization programs were designed to aid, restore, and invigorate communities suffering from the growing number of foreclosed and vacant properties. They are further committed to cost-efficient and environmentally sustainable practices that benefit the global community. An example of this is the Bank of America Tower in New York City, one of the world s most environmentally-friendly skyscrapers. Bank of America expects and actively encourages its employees to act ethically, honor Bank of Americaââ¬â¢s code of ethics, care about one another, and value their communities. Core Values Bank of America core values were established to ensure the team of employees is serving their customersââ¬â¢ needs. The five core values are short but strong in words. Established by Bank of America to ensure confidence in consumerââ¬â¢s relation, the five values are:Show MoreRelatedThe Subprime Loan Blog Assignment And References Of Resources Researched Essay1390 Words à |à 6 PagesStates starting somewhere around the middle of 2006. Gilbert (2011) state many levels of contributors participated in this mortgage lending crisis. Gilbert (2011) portends some of these included loan applicants, mortgage brokers, lenders, individual mortgage packagers, agencies that rate mortgages, investment brokers, and advisers, and purchasers of the collateralized mortgage obligations (Gilbert, 2011). People are advised to establish credit early in life to be able to buy homes and automobilesRead MoreCase Study : The Financial Crisis1084 Words à |à 5 PagesEnterprise and Social Responsibility Renato Passos 21271774 Assignment 1 ââ¬â Case Study: The Financial Crisis The purpose of this case study is to provide an introduction to business ethics. 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The complex interplay of policies that provided easier lending of loans, overpricing of sub-prime mortgages, on a theoretical basis that the prices would continue to increase, and inadequate capital holdings from insurance companies and banks to back their financial commitments contributed to the bursting of the bubble (BoatrightRead MoreCountrywide Home Loans ( Countrywide Hl )1466 Words à |à 6 PagesCountrywide Home Loans (Countrywide HL) provide, service, and sell mortgage loans and after-loan services such as collections and payment processing. As a leader in the mortgage industry, they provide these products and services to homeowners through prime and subprime mortgage loans and subsequently resell these loans to investors. In 2009, the United States (US) Treasury Department (Treasury) invested (i.e., US taxpayer -based funding) in Countrywide HL under the Treasuryââ¬â¢s 2009 Troubled Asset Relief Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-91291920295353045142020-05-07T00:03:00.019-07:002020-05-07T00:04:40.826-07:00Ethics in the Mortgage Lending Business - 1566 Words Ethics in the Mortgage Lending Business In America each person believes it is his or her right to own a home. Banks believe they should give each person the money to finance a home. Countrywide was at the forefront for many years in providing loans to consumers. Their ethics were placed into question when homeowners started losing homes after 2006. Bank of America intervened to assist on home loans affected. Their strong code of ethics, team values, and guiding principles ensured clients that their loans would be secured. Ethics During the time prior to the mortgage crisis, the economy was looking good to the mortgage brokers and lenders in the United States as well as new homeowners. After all, it is the ââ¬ËAmerican Dreamââ¬â¢ to own aâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Bank of America s company philosophy is ââ¬Å"we believe, very simply, that it is the actions of individuals working together that build strong communities ... and that business has an obligation to support those actions in the communities it servesâ⬠(Lewis). As stated on their company website overview, Bank of America is committed to creating meaningful change in the communities they serve through their philanthropic efforts, associate volunteerism, community development, and investing, support of the arts, and environmental initiatives (Bank of America, n.d.). Their neighborhood revitalization and stabilization programs were designed to aid, restore, and invigorate communities suffering from the growing number of foreclosed and vacant properties. They are further committed to cost-efficient and environmentally sustainable practices that benefit the global community. An example of this is the Bank of America Tower in New York City, one of the world s most environmentally-friendly skyscrapers. Bank of America expects and actively encourages its employees to act ethically, honor Bank of Americaââ¬â¢s code of ethics, care about one another, and value their communities. Core Values Bank of America core values were established to ensure the team of employees is serving their customersââ¬â¢ needs. The five core values are short but strong in words. Established by Bank of America to ensure confidence in consumerââ¬â¢s relation, the five values are:Show MoreRelatedThe Subprime Loan Blog Assignment And References Of Resources Researched Essay1390 Words à |à 6 PagesStates starting somewhere around the middle of 2006. Gilbert (2011) state many levels of contributors participated in this mortgage lending crisis. Gilbert (2011) portends some of these included loan applicants, mortgage brokers, lenders, individual mortgage packagers, agencies that rate mortgages, investment brokers, and advisers, and purchasers of the collateralized mortgage obligations (Gilbert, 2011). People are advised to establish credit early in life to be able to buy homes and automobilesRead MoreCase Study : The Financial Crisis1084 Words à |à 5 PagesEnterprise and Social Responsibility Renato Passos 21271774 Assignment 1 ââ¬â Case Study: The Financial Crisis The purpose of this case study is to provide an introduction to business ethics. The first section of the assignment is an overview of the stakeholders. The second part is the description of an utilitarian perspective and how it should be applied on the case study. This is followed by the definition of the three ââ¬Ëmaximsââ¬â¢, clashes of rights and two normatives theories examined and appliedRead MoreWas the U.S. Federal Governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 Intervention in the Market for Home Ownership Desirable? How Did the Creation of Fannie Mae in 1938, Ginnie Mae in 1968, and Freddie Mac in 1970 Expand Homeownership and Shape1161 Words à |à 5 PagesWas the U.S. federal governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 intervention in the market for home ownership desirable? How did the creation of Fannie Mae in 1938, Ginnie Mae in 1968, and Freddie Mac in 1970 expand homeownership and shape lending practices at banks and other mortgage lending firms? Yes, I do believe that the U.S. federal governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 intervention in the market for homeownership was desirable, not only for the government but also for potential home owners as well as those in construction, etc. PriorRead MoreDiscuss the Importance of Ethics in Business in Light of the Recent Global Financial Crisis (Gfc)1119 Words à |à 5 Pageson the collapses on issues such as immoral practices, governance, regulations, enterprise ethics. Factors to consider with the collapse that lead to the financial crisis is the dangerous outcomes that financial companies were not foreseen in advanced of borrowing mortgages for the companies. The change of ethics through enterprises demonstrate how business approaches to ethics over the past years where ethics is seen in different perspectives. Lessons are learnt from financial failures in the lackRead MoreSubprime Lending1295 Words à |à 6 PagesDefining Subprime Lending The problem to be investigated is the effect of subprime mortgage loans on the economy. According to Merriam Webster subprime is defined as having or being an interest rate that is higher than a prime rate and is extended especially to low-income borrowers; extending or obtaining a subprime loan (Webster, 2012). Subprime mortgage loans are loans given to people with a low credit score. Subprime borrowers normally donââ¬â¢t qualify for prime loans or prime lending. AccordingRead MoreThe Transformation Of Housing Discrimination Toward African American1750 Words à |à 7 Pagesdiscrimination especially from the pre-stage application lenders. Home Ownersââ¬â¢ Loan Corporation (HOLC) and Fair Housing Administration (FHA) are the roots to create housing discrimination toward minority especially for African American; they help the mortgage lender to make excuses to deny the loan to African American because they do not meet the requirements. During 1928, there was a huge crisis in stock market and caused many banks close and people faced foreclosure. In order to respond the crisis,Read MoreCountrywide Financial : A Large Diversified Financial Service Provider1018 Words à |à 5 Pagesfinancial service provider. They operate in five business segments, those being mortgage banking, banking, capital markets, insurance, and global operations. Countrywide was the largest market share among U.S. mortgage originators before unethical actions caused the downfall of the firm. Problems in Countrywideââ¬â¢s loan practices were evident. After the financial crisis of 2008 Countrywide was found to be a significant contributor t o the subprime mortgage debacle. Bank of America was in a position toRead MoreMoral Ethics And Values Based Dilemmas871 Words à |à 4 PagesMoral ethics and values-based dilemmas are ethical principles that difficult to handle at a workplace when employees have to choose what is wrong and right according to their own ethics. An effective ethics program must complement the values of the organization along with the values in the law. Good ethical behavior for any business is always a fundamental to its success. The main key for business owners and managements is to ensure all employees understand all the ethics. This paper discusses howRead MoreTaking a Look at the Great Recession782 Words à |à 3 Pages In 2007, the bursting of the housing bubble of the U.S was at its peak. The bursting resulted in plummeting of security values tied to the U.S. real estate pricing. The complex interplay of policies that provided easier lending of loans, overpricing of sub-prime mortgages, on a theoretical basis that the prices would continue to increase, and inadequate capital holdings from insurance companies and banks to back their financial commitments contributed to the bursting of the bubble (BoatrightRead MoreCountrywide Home Loans ( Countrywide Hl )1466 Words à |à 6 PagesCountrywide Home Loans (Countrywide HL) provide, service, and sell mortgage loans and after-loan services such as collections and payment processing. As a leader in the mortgage industry, they provide these products and services to homeowners through prime and subprime mortgage loans and subsequently resell these loans to investors. In 2009, the United States (US) Treasury Department (Treasury) invested (i.e., US taxpayer -based funding) in Countrywide HL under the Treasuryââ¬â¢s 2009 Troubled Asset Relief Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-70138074219560034182020-05-07T00:03:00.018-07:002020-05-07T00:04:40.146-07:00Ethics in the Mortgage Lending Business - 1566 Words Ethics in the Mortgage Lending Business In America each person believes it is his or her right to own a home. Banks believe they should give each person the money to finance a home. Countrywide was at the forefront for many years in providing loans to consumers. Their ethics were placed into question when homeowners started losing homes after 2006. Bank of America intervened to assist on home loans affected. Their strong code of ethics, team values, and guiding principles ensured clients that their loans would be secured. Ethics During the time prior to the mortgage crisis, the economy was looking good to the mortgage brokers and lenders in the United States as well as new homeowners. After all, it is the ââ¬ËAmerican Dreamââ¬â¢ to own aâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Bank of America s company philosophy is ââ¬Å"we believe, very simply, that it is the actions of individuals working together that build strong communities ... and that business has an obligation to support those actions in the communities it servesâ⬠(Lewis). As stated on their company website overview, Bank of America is committed to creating meaningful change in the communities they serve through their philanthropic efforts, associate volunteerism, community development, and investing, support of the arts, and environmental initiatives (Bank of America, n.d.). Their neighborhood revitalization and stabilization programs were designed to aid, restore, and invigorate communities suffering from the growing number of foreclosed and vacant properties. They are further committed to cost-efficient and environmentally sustainable practices that benefit the global community. An example of this is the Bank of America Tower in New York City, one of the world s most environmentally-friendly skyscrapers. Bank of America expects and actively encourages its employees to act ethically, honor Bank of Americaââ¬â¢s code of ethics, care about one another, and value their communities. Core Values Bank of America core values were established to ensure the team of employees is serving their customersââ¬â¢ needs. The five core values are short but strong in words. Established by Bank of America to ensure confidence in consumerââ¬â¢s relation, the five values are:Show MoreRelatedThe Subprime Loan Blog Assignment And References Of Resources Researched Essay1390 Words à |à 6 PagesStates starting somewhere around the middle of 2006. Gilbert (2011) state many levels of contributors participated in this mortgage lending crisis. Gilbert (2011) portends some of these included loan applicants, mortgage brokers, lenders, individual mortgage packagers, agencies that rate mortgages, investment brokers, and advisers, and purchasers of the collateralized mortgage obligations (Gilbert, 2011). People are advised to establish credit early in life to be able to buy homes and automobilesRead MoreCase Study : The Financial Crisis1084 Words à |à 5 PagesEnterprise and Social Responsibility Renato Passos 21271774 Assignment 1 ââ¬â Case Study: The Financial Crisis The purpose of this case study is to provide an introduction to business ethics. The first section of the assignment is an overview of the stakeholders. The second part is the description of an utilitarian perspective and how it should be applied on the case study. This is followed by the definition of the three ââ¬Ëmaximsââ¬â¢, clashes of rights and two normatives theories examined and appliedRead MoreWas the U.S. Federal Governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 Intervention in the Market for Home Ownership Desirable? How Did the Creation of Fannie Mae in 1938, Ginnie Mae in 1968, and Freddie Mac in 1970 Expand Homeownership and Shape1161 Words à |à 5 PagesWas the U.S. federal governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 intervention in the market for home ownership desirable? How did the creation of Fannie Mae in 1938, Ginnie Mae in 1968, and Freddie Mac in 1970 expand homeownership and shape lending practices at banks and other mortgage lending firms? Yes, I do believe that the U.S. federal governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 intervention in the market for homeownership was desirable, not only for the government but also for potential home owners as well as those in construction, etc. PriorRead MoreDiscuss the Importance of Ethics in Business in Light of the Recent Global Financial Crisis (Gfc)1119 Words à |à 5 Pageson the collapses on issues such as immoral practices, governance, regulations, enterprise ethics. Factors to consider with the collapse that lead to the financial crisis is the dangerous outcomes that financial companies were not foreseen in advanced of borrowing mortgages for the companies. The change of ethics through enterprises demonstrate how business approaches to ethics over the past years where ethics is seen in different perspectives. Lessons are learnt from financial failures in the lackRead MoreSubprime Lending1295 Words à |à 6 PagesDefining Subprime Lending The problem to be investigated is the effect of subprime mortgage loans on the economy. According to Merriam Webster subprime is defined as having or being an interest rate that is higher than a prime rate and is extended especially to low-income borrowers; extending or obtaining a subprime loan (Webster, 2012). Subprime mortgage loans are loans given to people with a low credit score. Subprime borrowers normally donââ¬â¢t qualify for prime loans or prime lending. AccordingRead MoreThe Transformation Of Housing Discrimination Toward African American1750 Words à |à 7 Pagesdiscrimination especially from the pre-stage application lenders. Home Ownersââ¬â¢ Loan Corporation (HOLC) and Fair Housing Administration (FHA) are the roots to create housing discrimination toward minority especially for African American; they help the mortgage lender to make excuses to deny the loan to African American because they do not meet the requirements. During 1928, there was a huge crisis in stock market and caused many banks close and people faced foreclosure. In order to respond the crisis,Read MoreCountrywide Financial : A Large Diversified Financial Service Provider1018 Words à |à 5 Pagesfinancial service provider. They operate in five business segments, those being mortgage banking, banking, capital markets, insurance, and global operations. Countrywide was the largest market share among U.S. mortgage originators before unethical actions caused the downfall of the firm. Problems in Countrywideââ¬â¢s loan practices were evident. After the financial crisis of 2008 Countrywide was found to be a significant contributor t o the subprime mortgage debacle. Bank of America was in a position toRead MoreMoral Ethics And Values Based Dilemmas871 Words à |à 4 PagesMoral ethics and values-based dilemmas are ethical principles that difficult to handle at a workplace when employees have to choose what is wrong and right according to their own ethics. An effective ethics program must complement the values of the organization along with the values in the law. Good ethical behavior for any business is always a fundamental to its success. The main key for business owners and managements is to ensure all employees understand all the ethics. This paper discusses howRead MoreTaking a Look at the Great Recession782 Words à |à 3 Pages In 2007, the bursting of the housing bubble of the U.S was at its peak. The bursting resulted in plummeting of security values tied to the U.S. real estate pricing. The complex interplay of policies that provided easier lending of loans, overpricing of sub-prime mortgages, on a theoretical basis that the prices would continue to increase, and inadequate capital holdings from insurance companies and banks to back their financial commitments contributed to the bursting of the bubble (BoatrightRead MoreCountrywide Home Loans ( Countrywide Hl )1466 Words à |à 6 PagesCountrywide Home Loans (Countrywide HL) provide, service, and sell mortgage loans and after-loan services such as collections and payment processing. As a leader in the mortgage industry, they provide these products and services to homeowners through prime and subprime mortgage loans and subsequently resell these loans to investors. In 2009, the United States (US) Treasury Department (Treasury) invested (i.e., US taxpayer -based funding) in Countrywide HL under the Treasuryââ¬â¢s 2009 Troubled Asset Relief Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-31490394469863852732020-05-07T00:03:00.017-07:002020-05-07T00:03:18.550-07:00Ethics in the Mortgage Lending Business - 1566 Words Ethics in the Mortgage Lending Business In America each person believes it is his or her right to own a home. Banks believe they should give each person the money to finance a home. Countrywide was at the forefront for many years in providing loans to consumers. Their ethics were placed into question when homeowners started losing homes after 2006. Bank of America intervened to assist on home loans affected. Their strong code of ethics, team values, and guiding principles ensured clients that their loans would be secured. Ethics During the time prior to the mortgage crisis, the economy was looking good to the mortgage brokers and lenders in the United States as well as new homeowners. After all, it is the ââ¬ËAmerican Dreamââ¬â¢ to own aâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Bank of America s company philosophy is ââ¬Å"we believe, very simply, that it is the actions of individuals working together that build strong communities ... and that business has an obligation to support those actions in the communities it servesâ⬠(Lewis). As stated on their company website overview, Bank of America is committed to creating meaningful change in the communities they serve through their philanthropic efforts, associate volunteerism, community development, and investing, support of the arts, and environmental initiatives (Bank of America, n.d.). Their neighborhood revitalization and stabilization programs were designed to aid, restore, and invigorate communities suffering from the growing number of foreclosed and vacant properties. They are further committed to cost-efficient and environmentally sustainable practices that benefit the global community. An example of this is the Bank of America Tower in New York City, one of the world s most environmentally-friendly skyscrapers. Bank of America expects and actively encourages its employees to act ethically, honor Bank of Americaââ¬â¢s code of ethics, care about one another, and value their communities. Core Values Bank of America core values were established to ensure the team of employees is serving their customersââ¬â¢ needs. The five core values are short but strong in words. Established by Bank of America to ensure confidence in consumerââ¬â¢s relation, the five values are:Show MoreRelatedThe Subprime Loan Blog Assignment And References Of Resources Researched Essay1390 Words à |à 6 PagesStates starting somewhere around the middle of 2006. Gilbert (2011) state many levels of contributors participated in this mortgage lending crisis. Gilbert (2011) portends some of these included loan applicants, mortgage brokers, lenders, individual mortgage packagers, agencies that rate mortgages, investment brokers, and advisers, and purchasers of the collateralized mortgage obligations (Gilbert, 2011). People are advised to establish credit early in life to be able to buy homes and automobilesRead MoreCase Study : The Financial Crisis1084 Words à |à 5 PagesEnterprise and Social Responsibility Renato Passos 21271774 Assignment 1 ââ¬â Case Study: The Financial Crisis The purpose of this case study is to provide an introduction to business ethics. The first section of the assignment is an overview of the stakeholders. The second part is the description of an utilitarian perspective and how it should be applied on the case study. This is followed by the definition of the three ââ¬Ëmaximsââ¬â¢, clashes of rights and two normatives theories examined and appliedRead MoreWas the U.S. Federal Governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 Intervention in the Market for Home Ownership Desirable? How Did the Creation of Fannie Mae in 1938, Ginnie Mae in 1968, and Freddie Mac in 1970 Expand Homeownership and Shape1161 Words à |à 5 PagesWas the U.S. federal governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 intervention in the market for home ownership desirable? How did the creation of Fannie Mae in 1938, Ginnie Mae in 1968, and Freddie Mac in 1970 expand homeownership and shape lending practices at banks and other mortgage lending firms? Yes, I do believe that the U.S. federal governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 intervention in the market for homeownership was desirable, not only for the government but also for potential home owners as well as those in construction, etc. PriorRead MoreDiscuss the Importance of Ethics in Business in Light of the Recent Global Financial Crisis (Gfc)1119 Words à |à 5 Pageson the collapses on issues such as immoral practices, governance, regulations, enterprise ethics. Factors to consider with the collapse that lead to the financial crisis is the dangerous outcomes that financial companies were not foreseen in advanced of borrowing mortgages for the companies. The change of ethics through enterprises demonstrate how business approaches to ethics over the past years where ethics is seen in different perspectives. Lessons are learnt from financial failures in the lackRead MoreSubprime Lending1295 Words à |à 6 PagesDefining Subprime Lending The problem to be investigated is the effect of subprime mortgage loans on the economy. According to Merriam Webster subprime is defined as having or being an interest rate that is higher than a prime rate and is extended especially to low-income borrowers; extending or obtaining a subprime loan (Webster, 2012). Subprime mortgage loans are loans given to people with a low credit score. Subprime borrowers normally donââ¬â¢t qualify for prime loans or prime lending. AccordingRead MoreThe Transformation Of Housing Discrimination Toward African American1750 Words à |à 7 Pagesdiscrimination especially from the pre-stage application lenders. Home Ownersââ¬â¢ Loan Corporation (HOLC) and Fair Housing Administration (FHA) are the roots to create housing discrimination toward minority especially for African American; they help the mortgage lender to make excuses to deny the loan to African American because they do not meet the requirements. During 1928, there was a huge crisis in stock market and caused many banks close and people faced foreclosure. In order to respond the crisis,Read MoreCountrywide Financial : A Large Diversified Financial Service Provider1018 Words à |à 5 Pagesfinancial service provider. They operate in five business segments, those being mortgage banking, banking, capital markets, insurance, and global operations. Countrywide was the largest market share among U.S. mortgage originators before unethical actions caused the downfall of the firm. Problems in Countrywideââ¬â¢s loan practices were evident. After the financial crisis of 2008 Countrywide was found to be a significant contributor t o the subprime mortgage debacle. Bank of America was in a position toRead MoreMoral Ethics And Values Based Dilemmas871 Words à |à 4 PagesMoral ethics and values-based dilemmas are ethical principles that difficult to handle at a workplace when employees have to choose what is wrong and right according to their own ethics. An effective ethics program must complement the values of the organization along with the values in the law. Good ethical behavior for any business is always a fundamental to its success. The main key for business owners and managements is to ensure all employees understand all the ethics. This paper discusses howRead MoreTaking a Look at the Great Recession782 Words à |à 3 Pages In 2007, the bursting of the housing bubble of the U.S was at its peak. The bursting resulted in plummeting of security values tied to the U.S. real estate pricing. The complex interplay of policies that provided easier lending of loans, overpricing of sub-prime mortgages, on a theoretical basis that the prices would continue to increase, and inadequate capital holdings from insurance companies and banks to back their financial commitments contributed to the bursting of the bubble (BoatrightRead MoreCountrywide Home Loans ( Countrywide Hl )1466 Words à |à 6 PagesCountrywide Home Loans (Countrywide HL) provide, service, and sell mortgage loans and after-loan services such as collections and payment processing. As a leader in the mortgage industry, they provide these products and services to homeowners through prime and subprime mortgage loans and subsequently resell these loans to investors. In 2009, the United States (US) Treasury Department (Treasury) invested (i.e., US taxpayer -based funding) in Countrywide HL under the Treasuryââ¬â¢s 2009 Troubled Asset Relief Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-43853512997313616422020-05-07T00:03:00.015-07:002020-05-07T00:03:17.124-07:00Ethics in the Mortgage Lending Business - 1566 Words Ethics in the Mortgage Lending Business In America each person believes it is his or her right to own a home. Banks believe they should give each person the money to finance a home. Countrywide was at the forefront for many years in providing loans to consumers. Their ethics were placed into question when homeowners started losing homes after 2006. Bank of America intervened to assist on home loans affected. Their strong code of ethics, team values, and guiding principles ensured clients that their loans would be secured. Ethics During the time prior to the mortgage crisis, the economy was looking good to the mortgage brokers and lenders in the United States as well as new homeowners. After all, it is the ââ¬ËAmerican Dreamââ¬â¢ to own aâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Bank of America s company philosophy is ââ¬Å"we believe, very simply, that it is the actions of individuals working together that build strong communities ... and that business has an obligation to support those actions in the communities it servesâ⬠(Lewis). As stated on their company website overview, Bank of America is committed to creating meaningful change in the communities they serve through their philanthropic efforts, associate volunteerism, community development, and investing, support of the arts, and environmental initiatives (Bank of America, n.d.). Their neighborhood revitalization and stabilization programs were designed to aid, restore, and invigorate communities suffering from the growing number of foreclosed and vacant properties. They are further committed to cost-efficient and environmentally sustainable practices that benefit the global community. An example of this is the Bank of America Tower in New York City, one of the world s most environmentally-friendly skyscrapers. Bank of America expects and actively encourages its employees to act ethically, honor Bank of Americaââ¬â¢s code of ethics, care about one another, and value their communities. Core Values Bank of America core values were established to ensure the team of employees is serving their customersââ¬â¢ needs. The five core values are short but strong in words. Established by Bank of America to ensure confidence in consumerââ¬â¢s relation, the five values are:Show MoreRelatedThe Subprime Loan Blog Assignment And References Of Resources Researched Essay1390 Words à |à 6 PagesStates starting somewhere around the middle of 2006. Gilbert (2011) state many levels of contributors participated in this mortgage lending crisis. Gilbert (2011) portends some of these included loan applicants, mortgage brokers, lenders, individual mortgage packagers, agencies that rate mortgages, investment brokers, and advisers, and purchasers of the collateralized mortgage obligations (Gilbert, 2011). People are advised to establish credit early in life to be able to buy homes and automobilesRead MoreCase Study : The Financial Crisis1084 Words à |à 5 PagesEnterprise and Social Responsibility Renato Passos 21271774 Assignment 1 ââ¬â Case Study: The Financial Crisis The purpose of this case study is to provide an introduction to business ethics. The first section of the assignment is an overview of the stakeholders. The second part is the description of an utilitarian perspective and how it should be applied on the case study. This is followed by the definition of the three ââ¬Ëmaximsââ¬â¢, clashes of rights and two normatives theories examined and appliedRead MoreWas the U.S. Federal Governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 Intervention in the Market for Home Ownership Desirable? How Did the Creation of Fannie Mae in 1938, Ginnie Mae in 1968, and Freddie Mac in 1970 Expand Homeownership and Shape1161 Words à |à 5 PagesWas the U.S. federal governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 intervention in the market for home ownership desirable? How did the creation of Fannie Mae in 1938, Ginnie Mae in 1968, and Freddie Mac in 1970 expand homeownership and shape lending practices at banks and other mortgage lending firms? Yes, I do believe that the U.S. federal governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 intervention in the market for homeownership was desirable, not only for the government but also for potential home owners as well as those in construction, etc. PriorRead MoreDiscuss the Importance of Ethics in Business in Light of the Recent Global Financial Crisis (Gfc)1119 Words à |à 5 Pageson the collapses on issues such as immoral practices, governance, regulations, enterprise ethics. Factors to consider with the collapse that lead to the financial crisis is the dangerous outcomes that financial companies were not foreseen in advanced of borrowing mortgages for the companies. The change of ethics through enterprises demonstrate how business approaches to ethics over the past years where ethics is seen in different perspectives. Lessons are learnt from financial failures in the lackRead MoreSubprime Lending1295 Words à |à 6 PagesDefining Subprime Lending The problem to be investigated is the effect of subprime mortgage loans on the economy. According to Merriam Webster subprime is defined as having or being an interest rate that is higher than a prime rate and is extended especially to low-income borrowers; extending or obtaining a subprime loan (Webster, 2012). Subprime mortgage loans are loans given to people with a low credit score. Subprime borrowers normally donââ¬â¢t qualify for prime loans or prime lending. AccordingRead MoreThe Transformation Of Housing Discrimination Toward African American1750 Words à |à 7 Pagesdiscrimination especially from the pre-stage application lenders. Home Ownersââ¬â¢ Loan Corporation (HOLC) and Fair Housing Administration (FHA) are the roots to create housing discrimination toward minority especially for African American; they help the mortgage lender to make excuses to deny the loan to African American because they do not meet the requirements. During 1928, there was a huge crisis in stock market and caused many banks close and people faced foreclosure. In order to respond the crisis,Read MoreCountrywide Financial : A Large Diversified Financial Service Provider1018 Words à |à 5 Pagesfinancial service provider. They operate in five business segments, those being mortgage banking, banking, capital markets, insurance, and global operations. Countrywide was the largest market share among U.S. mortgage originators before unethical actions caused the downfall of the firm. Problems in Countrywideââ¬â¢s loan practices were evident. After the financial crisis of 2008 Countrywide was found to be a significant contributor t o the subprime mortgage debacle. Bank of America was in a position toRead MoreMoral Ethics And Values Based Dilemmas871 Words à |à 4 PagesMoral ethics and values-based dilemmas are ethical principles that difficult to handle at a workplace when employees have to choose what is wrong and right according to their own ethics. An effective ethics program must complement the values of the organization along with the values in the law. Good ethical behavior for any business is always a fundamental to its success. The main key for business owners and managements is to ensure all employees understand all the ethics. This paper discusses howRead MoreTaking a Look at the Great Recession782 Words à |à 3 Pages In 2007, the bursting of the housing bubble of the U.S was at its peak. The bursting resulted in plummeting of security values tied to the U.S. real estate pricing. The complex interplay of policies that provided easier lending of loans, overpricing of sub-prime mortgages, on a theoretical basis that the prices would continue to increase, and inadequate capital holdings from insurance companies and banks to back their financial commitments contributed to the bursting of the bubble (BoatrightRead MoreCountrywide Home Loans ( Countrywide Hl )1466 Words à |à 6 PagesCountrywide Home Loans (Countrywide HL) provide, service, and sell mortgage loans and after-loan services such as collections and payment processing. As a leader in the mortgage industry, they provide these products and services to homeowners through prime and subprime mortgage loans and subsequently resell these loans to investors. In 2009, the United States (US) Treasury Department (Treasury) invested (i.e., US taxpayer -based funding) in Countrywide HL under the Treasuryââ¬â¢s 2009 Troubled Asset Relief Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-49482296715577017272020-05-07T00:03:00.013-07:002020-05-07T00:03:08.391-07:00Ethics in the Mortgage Lending Business - 1566 Words Ethics in the Mortgage Lending Business In America each person believes it is his or her right to own a home. Banks believe they should give each person the money to finance a home. Countrywide was at the forefront for many years in providing loans to consumers. Their ethics were placed into question when homeowners started losing homes after 2006. Bank of America intervened to assist on home loans affected. Their strong code of ethics, team values, and guiding principles ensured clients that their loans would be secured. Ethics During the time prior to the mortgage crisis, the economy was looking good to the mortgage brokers and lenders in the United States as well as new homeowners. After all, it is the ââ¬ËAmerican Dreamââ¬â¢ to own aâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Bank of America s company philosophy is ââ¬Å"we believe, very simply, that it is the actions of individuals working together that build strong communities ... and that business has an obligation to support those actions in the communities it servesâ⬠(Lewis). As stated on their company website overview, Bank of America is committed to creating meaningful change in the communities they serve through their philanthropic efforts, associate volunteerism, community development, and investing, support of the arts, and environmental initiatives (Bank of America, n.d.). Their neighborhood revitalization and stabilization programs were designed to aid, restore, and invigorate communities suffering from the growing number of foreclosed and vacant properties. They are further committed to cost-efficient and environmentally sustainable practices that benefit the global community. An example of this is the Bank of America Tower in New York City, one of the world s most environmentally-friendly skyscrapers. Bank of America expects and actively encourages its employees to act ethically, honor Bank of Americaââ¬â¢s code of ethics, care about one another, and value their communities. Core Values Bank of America core values were established to ensure the team of employees is serving their customersââ¬â¢ needs. The five core values are short but strong in words. Established by Bank of America to ensure confidence in consumerââ¬â¢s relation, the five values are:Show MoreRelatedThe Subprime Loan Blog Assignment And References Of Resources Researched Essay1390 Words à |à 6 PagesStates starting somewhere around the middle of 2006. Gilbert (2011) state many levels of contributors participated in this mortgage lending crisis. Gilbert (2011) portends some of these included loan applicants, mortgage brokers, lenders, individual mortgage packagers, agencies that rate mortgages, investment brokers, and advisers, and purchasers of the collateralized mortgage obligations (Gilbert, 2011). People are advised to establish credit early in life to be able to buy homes and automobilesRead MoreCase Study : The Financial Crisis1084 Words à |à 5 PagesEnterprise and Social Responsibility Renato Passos 21271774 Assignment 1 ââ¬â Case Study: The Financial Crisis The purpose of this case study is to provide an introduction to business ethics. The first section of the assignment is an overview of the stakeholders. The second part is the description of an utilitarian perspective and how it should be applied on the case study. This is followed by the definition of the three ââ¬Ëmaximsââ¬â¢, clashes of rights and two normatives theories examined and appliedRead MoreWas the U.S. Federal Governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 Intervention in the Market for Home Ownership Desirable? How Did the Creation of Fannie Mae in 1938, Ginnie Mae in 1968, and Freddie Mac in 1970 Expand Homeownership and Shape1161 Words à |à 5 PagesWas the U.S. federal governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 intervention in the market for home ownership desirable? How did the creation of Fannie Mae in 1938, Ginnie Mae in 1968, and Freddie Mac in 1970 expand homeownership and shape lending practices at banks and other mortgage lending firms? Yes, I do believe that the U.S. federal governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 intervention in the market for homeownership was desirable, not only for the government but also for potential home owners as well as those in construction, etc. PriorRead MoreDiscuss the Importance of Ethics in Business in Light of the Recent Global Financial Crisis (Gfc)1119 Words à |à 5 Pageson the collapses on issues such as immoral practices, governance, regulations, enterprise ethics. Factors to consider with the collapse that lead to the financial crisis is the dangerous outcomes that financial companies were not foreseen in advanced of borrowing mortgages for the companies. The change of ethics through enterprises demonstrate how business approaches to ethics over the past years where ethics is seen in different perspectives. Lessons are learnt from financial failures in the lackRead MoreSubprime Lending1295 Words à |à 6 PagesDefining Subprime Lending The problem to be investigated is the effect of subprime mortgage loans on the economy. According to Merriam Webster subprime is defined as having or being an interest rate that is higher than a prime rate and is extended especially to low-income borrowers; extending or obtaining a subprime loan (Webster, 2012). Subprime mortgage loans are loans given to people with a low credit score. Subprime borrowers normally donââ¬â¢t qualify for prime loans or prime lending. AccordingRead MoreThe Transformation Of Housing Discrimination Toward African American1750 Words à |à 7 Pagesdiscrimination especially from the pre-stage application lenders. Home Ownersââ¬â¢ Loan Corporation (HOLC) and Fair Housing Administration (FHA) are the roots to create housing discrimination toward minority especially for African American; they help the mortgage lender to make excuses to deny the loan to African American because they do not meet the requirements. During 1928, there was a huge crisis in stock market and caused many banks close and people faced foreclosure. In order to respond the crisis,Read MoreCountrywide Financial : A Large Diversified Financial Service Provider1018 Words à |à 5 Pagesfinancial service provider. They operate in five business segments, those being mortgage banking, banking, capital markets, insurance, and global operations. Countrywide was the largest market share among U.S. mortgage originators before unethical actions caused the downfall of the firm. Problems in Countrywideââ¬â¢s loan practices were evident. After the financial crisis of 2008 Countrywide was found to be a significant contributor t o the subprime mortgage debacle. Bank of America was in a position toRead MoreMoral Ethics And Values Based Dilemmas871 Words à |à 4 PagesMoral ethics and values-based dilemmas are ethical principles that difficult to handle at a workplace when employees have to choose what is wrong and right according to their own ethics. An effective ethics program must complement the values of the organization along with the values in the law. Good ethical behavior for any business is always a fundamental to its success. The main key for business owners and managements is to ensure all employees understand all the ethics. This paper discusses howRead MoreTaking a Look at the Great Recession782 Words à |à 3 Pages In 2007, the bursting of the housing bubble of the U.S was at its peak. The bursting resulted in plummeting of security values tied to the U.S. real estate pricing. The complex interplay of policies that provided easier lending of loans, overpricing of sub-prime mortgages, on a theoretical basis that the prices would continue to increase, and inadequate capital holdings from insurance companies and banks to back their financial commitments contributed to the bursting of the bubble (BoatrightRead MoreCountrywide Home Loans ( Countrywide Hl )1466 Words à |à 6 PagesCountrywide Home Loans (Countrywide HL) provide, service, and sell mortgage loans and after-loan services such as collections and payment processing. As a leader in the mortgage industry, they provide these products and services to homeowners through prime and subprime mortgage loans and subsequently resell these loans to investors. In 2009, the United States (US) Treasury Department (Treasury) invested (i.e., US taxpayer -based funding) in Countrywide HL under the Treasuryââ¬â¢s 2009 Troubled Asset Relief Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-10809379624895033612020-05-07T00:03:00.011-07:002020-05-07T00:03:07.443-07:00Ethics in the Mortgage Lending Business - 1566 Words Ethics in the Mortgage Lending Business In America each person believes it is his or her right to own a home. Banks believe they should give each person the money to finance a home. Countrywide was at the forefront for many years in providing loans to consumers. Their ethics were placed into question when homeowners started losing homes after 2006. Bank of America intervened to assist on home loans affected. Their strong code of ethics, team values, and guiding principles ensured clients that their loans would be secured. Ethics During the time prior to the mortgage crisis, the economy was looking good to the mortgage brokers and lenders in the United States as well as new homeowners. After all, it is the ââ¬ËAmerican Dreamââ¬â¢ to own aâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Bank of America s company philosophy is ââ¬Å"we believe, very simply, that it is the actions of individuals working together that build strong communities ... and that business has an obligation to support those actions in the communities it servesâ⬠(Lewis). As stated on their company website overview, Bank of America is committed to creating meaningful change in the communities they serve through their philanthropic efforts, associate volunteerism, community development, and investing, support of the arts, and environmental initiatives (Bank of America, n.d.). Their neighborhood revitalization and stabilization programs were designed to aid, restore, and invigorate communities suffering from the growing number of foreclosed and vacant properties. They are further committed to cost-efficient and environmentally sustainable practices that benefit the global community. An example of this is the Bank of America Tower in New York City, one of the world s most environmentally-friendly skyscrapers. Bank of America expects and actively encourages its employees to act ethically, honor Bank of Americaââ¬â¢s code of ethics, care about one another, and value their communities. Core Values Bank of America core values were established to ensure the team of employees is serving their customersââ¬â¢ needs. The five core values are short but strong in words. Established by Bank of America to ensure confidence in consumerââ¬â¢s relation, the five values are:Show MoreRelatedThe Subprime Loan Blog Assignment And References Of Resources Researched Essay1390 Words à |à 6 PagesStates starting somewhere around the middle of 2006. Gilbert (2011) state many levels of contributors participated in this mortgage lending crisis. Gilbert (2011) portends some of these included loan applicants, mortgage brokers, lenders, individual mortgage packagers, agencies that rate mortgages, investment brokers, and advisers, and purchasers of the collateralized mortgage obligations (Gilbert, 2011). People are advised to establish credit early in life to be able to buy homes and automobilesRead MoreCase Study : The Financial Crisis1084 Words à |à 5 PagesEnterprise and Social Responsibility Renato Passos 21271774 Assignment 1 ââ¬â Case Study: The Financial Crisis The purpose of this case study is to provide an introduction to business ethics. The first section of the assignment is an overview of the stakeholders. The second part is the description of an utilitarian perspective and how it should be applied on the case study. This is followed by the definition of the three ââ¬Ëmaximsââ¬â¢, clashes of rights and two normatives theories examined and appliedRead MoreWas the U.S. Federal Governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 Intervention in the Market for Home Ownership Desirable? How Did the Creation of Fannie Mae in 1938, Ginnie Mae in 1968, and Freddie Mac in 1970 Expand Homeownership and Shape1161 Words à |à 5 PagesWas the U.S. federal governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 intervention in the market for home ownership desirable? How did the creation of Fannie Mae in 1938, Ginnie Mae in 1968, and Freddie Mac in 1970 expand homeownership and shape lending practices at banks and other mortgage lending firms? Yes, I do believe that the U.S. federal governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 intervention in the market for homeownership was desirable, not only for the government but also for potential home owners as well as those in construction, etc. PriorRead MoreDiscuss the Importance of Ethics in Business in Light of the Recent Global Financial Crisis (Gfc)1119 Words à |à 5 Pageson the collapses on issues such as immoral practices, governance, regulations, enterprise ethics. Factors to consider with the collapse that lead to the financial crisis is the dangerous outcomes that financial companies were not foreseen in advanced of borrowing mortgages for the companies. The change of ethics through enterprises demonstrate how business approaches to ethics over the past years where ethics is seen in different perspectives. Lessons are learnt from financial failures in the lackRead MoreSubprime Lending1295 Words à |à 6 PagesDefining Subprime Lending The problem to be investigated is the effect of subprime mortgage loans on the economy. According to Merriam Webster subprime is defined as having or being an interest rate that is higher than a prime rate and is extended especially to low-income borrowers; extending or obtaining a subprime loan (Webster, 2012). Subprime mortgage loans are loans given to people with a low credit score. Subprime borrowers normally donââ¬â¢t qualify for prime loans or prime lending. AccordingRead MoreThe Transformation Of Housing Discrimination Toward African American1750 Words à |à 7 Pagesdiscrimination especially from the pre-stage application lenders. Home Ownersââ¬â¢ Loan Corporation (HOLC) and Fair Housing Administration (FHA) are the roots to create housing discrimination toward minority especially for African American; they help the mortgage lender to make excuses to deny the loan to African American because they do not meet the requirements. During 1928, there was a huge crisis in stock market and caused many banks close and people faced foreclosure. In order to respond the crisis,Read MoreCountrywide Financial : A Large Diversified Financial Service Provider1018 Words à |à 5 Pagesfinancial service provider. They operate in five business segments, those being mortgage banking, banking, capital markets, insurance, and global operations. Countrywide was the largest market share among U.S. mortgage originators before unethical actions caused the downfall of the firm. Problems in Countrywideââ¬â¢s loan practices were evident. After the financial crisis of 2008 Countrywide was found to be a significant contributor t o the subprime mortgage debacle. Bank of America was in a position toRead MoreMoral Ethics And Values Based Dilemmas871 Words à |à 4 PagesMoral ethics and values-based dilemmas are ethical principles that difficult to handle at a workplace when employees have to choose what is wrong and right according to their own ethics. An effective ethics program must complement the values of the organization along with the values in the law. Good ethical behavior for any business is always a fundamental to its success. The main key for business owners and managements is to ensure all employees understand all the ethics. This paper discusses howRead MoreTaking a Look at the Great Recession782 Words à |à 3 Pages In 2007, the bursting of the housing bubble of the U.S was at its peak. The bursting resulted in plummeting of security values tied to the U.S. real estate pricing. The complex interplay of policies that provided easier lending of loans, overpricing of sub-prime mortgages, on a theoretical basis that the prices would continue to increase, and inadequate capital holdings from insurance companies and banks to back their financial commitments contributed to the bursting of the bubble (BoatrightRead MoreCountrywide Home Loans ( Countrywide Hl )1466 Words à |à 6 PagesCountrywide Home Loans (Countrywide HL) provide, service, and sell mortgage loans and after-loan services such as collections and payment processing. As a leader in the mortgage industry, they provide these products and services to homeowners through prime and subprime mortgage loans and subsequently resell these loans to investors. In 2009, the United States (US) Treasury Department (Treasury) invested (i.e., US taxpayer -based funding) in Countrywide HL under the Treasuryââ¬â¢s 2009 Troubled Asset Relief Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-74081552135953544092020-05-07T00:03:00.009-07:002020-05-07T00:03:06.935-07:00Ethics in the Mortgage Lending Business - 1566 Words Ethics in the Mortgage Lending Business In America each person believes it is his or her right to own a home. Banks believe they should give each person the money to finance a home. Countrywide was at the forefront for many years in providing loans to consumers. Their ethics were placed into question when homeowners started losing homes after 2006. Bank of America intervened to assist on home loans affected. Their strong code of ethics, team values, and guiding principles ensured clients that their loans would be secured. Ethics During the time prior to the mortgage crisis, the economy was looking good to the mortgage brokers and lenders in the United States as well as new homeowners. After all, it is the ââ¬ËAmerican Dreamââ¬â¢ to own aâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Bank of America s company philosophy is ââ¬Å"we believe, very simply, that it is the actions of individuals working together that build strong communities ... and that business has an obligation to support those actions in the communities it servesâ⬠(Lewis). As stated on their company website overview, Bank of America is committed to creating meaningful change in the communities they serve through their philanthropic efforts, associate volunteerism, community development, and investing, support of the arts, and environmental initiatives (Bank of America, n.d.). Their neighborhood revitalization and stabilization programs were designed to aid, restore, and invigorate communities suffering from the growing number of foreclosed and vacant properties. They are further committed to cost-efficient and environmentally sustainable practices that benefit the global community. An example of this is the Bank of America Tower in New York City, one of the world s most environmentally-friendly skyscrapers. Bank of America expects and actively encourages its employees to act ethically, honor Bank of Americaââ¬â¢s code of ethics, care about one another, and value their communities. Core Values Bank of America core values were established to ensure the team of employees is serving their customersââ¬â¢ needs. The five core values are short but strong in words. Established by Bank of America to ensure confidence in consumerââ¬â¢s relation, the five values are:Show MoreRelatedThe Subprime Loan Blog Assignment And References Of Resources Researched Essay1390 Words à |à 6 PagesStates starting somewhere around the middle of 2006. Gilbert (2011) state many levels of contributors participated in this mortgage lending crisis. Gilbert (2011) portends some of these included loan applicants, mortgage brokers, lenders, individual mortgage packagers, agencies that rate mortgages, investment brokers, and advisers, and purchasers of the collateralized mortgage obligations (Gilbert, 2011). People are advised to establish credit early in life to be able to buy homes and automobilesRead MoreCase Study : The Financial Crisis1084 Words à |à 5 PagesEnterprise and Social Responsibility Renato Passos 21271774 Assignment 1 ââ¬â Case Study: The Financial Crisis The purpose of this case study is to provide an introduction to business ethics. The first section of the assignment is an overview of the stakeholders. The second part is the description of an utilitarian perspective and how it should be applied on the case study. This is followed by the definition of the three ââ¬Ëmaximsââ¬â¢, clashes of rights and two normatives theories examined and appliedRead MoreWas the U.S. Federal Governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 Intervention in the Market for Home Ownership Desirable? How Did the Creation of Fannie Mae in 1938, Ginnie Mae in 1968, and Freddie Mac in 1970 Expand Homeownership and Shape1161 Words à |à 5 PagesWas the U.S. federal governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 intervention in the market for home ownership desirable? How did the creation of Fannie Mae in 1938, Ginnie Mae in 1968, and Freddie Mac in 1970 expand homeownership and shape lending practices at banks and other mortgage lending firms? Yes, I do believe that the U.S. federal governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 intervention in the market for homeownership was desirable, not only for the government but also for potential home owners as well as those in construction, etc. PriorRead MoreDiscuss the Importance of Ethics in Business in Light of the Recent Global Financial Crisis (Gfc)1119 Words à |à 5 Pageson the collapses on issues such as immoral practices, governance, regulations, enterprise ethics. Factors to consider with the collapse that lead to the financial crisis is the dangerous outcomes that financial companies were not foreseen in advanced of borrowing mortgages for the companies. The change of ethics through enterprises demonstrate how business approaches to ethics over the past years where ethics is seen in different perspectives. Lessons are learnt from financial failures in the lackRead MoreSubprime Lending1295 Words à |à 6 PagesDefining Subprime Lending The problem to be investigated is the effect of subprime mortgage loans on the economy. According to Merriam Webster subprime is defined as having or being an interest rate that is higher than a prime rate and is extended especially to low-income borrowers; extending or obtaining a subprime loan (Webster, 2012). Subprime mortgage loans are loans given to people with a low credit score. Subprime borrowers normally donââ¬â¢t qualify for prime loans or prime lending. AccordingRead MoreThe Transformation Of Housing Discrimination Toward African American1750 Words à |à 7 Pagesdiscrimination especially from the pre-stage application lenders. Home Ownersââ¬â¢ Loan Corporation (HOLC) and Fair Housing Administration (FHA) are the roots to create housing discrimination toward minority especially for African American; they help the mortgage lender to make excuses to deny the loan to African American because they do not meet the requirements. During 1928, there was a huge crisis in stock market and caused many banks close and people faced foreclosure. In order to respond the crisis,Read MoreCountrywide Financial : A Large Diversified Financial Service Provider1018 Words à |à 5 Pagesfinancial service provider. They operate in five business segments, those being mortgage banking, banking, capital markets, insurance, and global operations. Countrywide was the largest market share among U.S. mortgage originators before unethical actions caused the downfall of the firm. Problems in Countrywideââ¬â¢s loan practices were evident. After the financial crisis of 2008 Countrywide was found to be a significant contributor t o the subprime mortgage debacle. Bank of America was in a position toRead MoreMoral Ethics And Values Based Dilemmas871 Words à |à 4 PagesMoral ethics and values-based dilemmas are ethical principles that difficult to handle at a workplace when employees have to choose what is wrong and right according to their own ethics. An effective ethics program must complement the values of the organization along with the values in the law. Good ethical behavior for any business is always a fundamental to its success. The main key for business owners and managements is to ensure all employees understand all the ethics. This paper discusses howRead MoreTaking a Look at the Great Recession782 Words à |à 3 Pages In 2007, the bursting of the housing bubble of the U.S was at its peak. The bursting resulted in plummeting of security values tied to the U.S. real estate pricing. The complex interplay of policies that provided easier lending of loans, overpricing of sub-prime mortgages, on a theoretical basis that the prices would continue to increase, and inadequate capital holdings from insurance companies and banks to back their financial commitments contributed to the bursting of the bubble (BoatrightRead MoreCountrywide Home Loans ( Countrywide Hl )1466 Words à |à 6 PagesCountrywide Home Loans (Countrywide HL) provide, service, and sell mortgage loans and after-loan services such as collections and payment processing. As a leader in the mortgage industry, they provide these products and services to homeowners through prime and subprime mortgage loans and subsequently resell these loans to investors. In 2009, the United States (US) Treasury Department (Treasury) invested (i.e., US taxpayer -based funding) in Countrywide HL under the Treasuryââ¬â¢s 2009 Troubled Asset Relief Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-62615186210525870242020-05-07T00:03:00.007-07:002020-05-07T00:03:06.305-07:00Ethics in the Mortgage Lending Business - 1566 Words Ethics in the Mortgage Lending Business In America each person believes it is his or her right to own a home. Banks believe they should give each person the money to finance a home. Countrywide was at the forefront for many years in providing loans to consumers. Their ethics were placed into question when homeowners started losing homes after 2006. Bank of America intervened to assist on home loans affected. Their strong code of ethics, team values, and guiding principles ensured clients that their loans would be secured. Ethics During the time prior to the mortgage crisis, the economy was looking good to the mortgage brokers and lenders in the United States as well as new homeowners. After all, it is the ââ¬ËAmerican Dreamââ¬â¢ to own aâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Bank of America s company philosophy is ââ¬Å"we believe, very simply, that it is the actions of individuals working together that build strong communities ... and that business has an obligation to support those actions in the communities it servesâ⬠(Lewis). As stated on their company website overview, Bank of America is committed to creating meaningful change in the communities they serve through their philanthropic efforts, associate volunteerism, community development, and investing, support of the arts, and environmental initiatives (Bank of America, n.d.). Their neighborhood revitalization and stabilization programs were designed to aid, restore, and invigorate communities suffering from the growing number of foreclosed and vacant properties. They are further committed to cost-efficient and environmentally sustainable practices that benefit the global community. An example of this is the Bank of America Tower in New York City, one of the world s most environmentally-friendly skyscrapers. Bank of America expects and actively encourages its employees to act ethically, honor Bank of Americaââ¬â¢s code of ethics, care about one another, and value their communities. Core Values Bank of America core values were established to ensure the team of employees is serving their customersââ¬â¢ needs. The five core values are short but strong in words. Established by Bank of America to ensure confidence in consumerââ¬â¢s relation, the five values are:Show MoreRelatedThe Subprime Loan Blog Assignment And References Of Resources Researched Essay1390 Words à |à 6 PagesStates starting somewhere around the middle of 2006. Gilbert (2011) state many levels of contributors participated in this mortgage lending crisis. Gilbert (2011) portends some of these included loan applicants, mortgage brokers, lenders, individual mortgage packagers, agencies that rate mortgages, investment brokers, and advisers, and purchasers of the collateralized mortgage obligations (Gilbert, 2011). People are advised to establish credit early in life to be able to buy homes and automobilesRead MoreCase Study : The Financial Crisis1084 Words à |à 5 PagesEnterprise and Social Responsibility Renato Passos 21271774 Assignment 1 ââ¬â Case Study: The Financial Crisis The purpose of this case study is to provide an introduction to business ethics. The first section of the assignment is an overview of the stakeholders. The second part is the description of an utilitarian perspective and how it should be applied on the case study. This is followed by the definition of the three ââ¬Ëmaximsââ¬â¢, clashes of rights and two normatives theories examined and appliedRead MoreWas the U.S. Federal Governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 Intervention in the Market for Home Ownership Desirable? How Did the Creation of Fannie Mae in 1938, Ginnie Mae in 1968, and Freddie Mac in 1970 Expand Homeownership and Shape1161 Words à |à 5 PagesWas the U.S. federal governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 intervention in the market for home ownership desirable? How did the creation of Fannie Mae in 1938, Ginnie Mae in 1968, and Freddie Mac in 1970 expand homeownership and shape lending practices at banks and other mortgage lending firms? Yes, I do believe that the U.S. federal governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 intervention in the market for homeownership was desirable, not only for the government but also for potential home owners as well as those in construction, etc. PriorRead MoreDiscuss the Importance of Ethics in Business in Light of the Recent Global Financial Crisis (Gfc)1119 Words à |à 5 Pageson the collapses on issues such as immoral practices, governance, regulations, enterprise ethics. Factors to consider with the collapse that lead to the financial crisis is the dangerous outcomes that financial companies were not foreseen in advanced of borrowing mortgages for the companies. The change of ethics through enterprises demonstrate how business approaches to ethics over the past years where ethics is seen in different perspectives. Lessons are learnt from financial failures in the lackRead MoreSubprime Lending1295 Words à |à 6 PagesDefining Subprime Lending The problem to be investigated is the effect of subprime mortgage loans on the economy. According to Merriam Webster subprime is defined as having or being an interest rate that is higher than a prime rate and is extended especially to low-income borrowers; extending or obtaining a subprime loan (Webster, 2012). Subprime mortgage loans are loans given to people with a low credit score. Subprime borrowers normally donââ¬â¢t qualify for prime loans or prime lending. AccordingRead MoreThe Transformation Of Housing Discrimination Toward African American1750 Words à |à 7 Pagesdiscrimination especially from the pre-stage application lenders. Home Ownersââ¬â¢ Loan Corporation (HOLC) and Fair Housing Administration (FHA) are the roots to create housing discrimination toward minority especially for African American; they help the mortgage lender to make excuses to deny the loan to African American because they do not meet the requirements. During 1928, there was a huge crisis in stock market and caused many banks close and people faced foreclosure. In order to respond the crisis,Read MoreCountrywide Financial : A Large Diversified Financial Service Provider1018 Words à |à 5 Pagesfinancial service provider. They operate in five business segments, those being mortgage banking, banking, capital markets, insurance, and global operations. Countrywide was the largest market share among U.S. mortgage originators before unethical actions caused the downfall of the firm. Problems in Countrywideââ¬â¢s loan practices were evident. After the financial crisis of 2008 Countrywide was found to be a significant contributor t o the subprime mortgage debacle. Bank of America was in a position toRead MoreMoral Ethics And Values Based Dilemmas871 Words à |à 4 PagesMoral ethics and values-based dilemmas are ethical principles that difficult to handle at a workplace when employees have to choose what is wrong and right according to their own ethics. An effective ethics program must complement the values of the organization along with the values in the law. Good ethical behavior for any business is always a fundamental to its success. The main key for business owners and managements is to ensure all employees understand all the ethics. This paper discusses howRead MoreTaking a Look at the Great Recession782 Words à |à 3 Pages In 2007, the bursting of the housing bubble of the U.S was at its peak. The bursting resulted in plummeting of security values tied to the U.S. real estate pricing. The complex interplay of policies that provided easier lending of loans, overpricing of sub-prime mortgages, on a theoretical basis that the prices would continue to increase, and inadequate capital holdings from insurance companies and banks to back their financial commitments contributed to the bursting of the bubble (BoatrightRead MoreCountrywide Home Loans ( Countrywide Hl )1466 Words à |à 6 PagesCountrywide Home Loans (Countrywide HL) provide, service, and sell mortgage loans and after-loan services such as collections and payment processing. As a leader in the mortgage industry, they provide these products and services to homeowners through prime and subprime mortgage loans and subsequently resell these loans to investors. In 2009, the United States (US) Treasury Department (Treasury) invested (i.e., US taxpayer -based funding) in Countrywide HL under the Treasuryââ¬â¢s 2009 Troubled Asset Relief Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-14040589537152358552020-05-07T00:03:00.005-07:002020-05-07T00:03:05.536-07:00Ethics in the Mortgage Lending Business - 1566 Words Ethics in the Mortgage Lending Business In America each person believes it is his or her right to own a home. Banks believe they should give each person the money to finance a home. Countrywide was at the forefront for many years in providing loans to consumers. Their ethics were placed into question when homeowners started losing homes after 2006. Bank of America intervened to assist on home loans affected. Their strong code of ethics, team values, and guiding principles ensured clients that their loans would be secured. Ethics During the time prior to the mortgage crisis, the economy was looking good to the mortgage brokers and lenders in the United States as well as new homeowners. After all, it is the ââ¬ËAmerican Dreamââ¬â¢ to own aâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Bank of America s company philosophy is ââ¬Å"we believe, very simply, that it is the actions of individuals working together that build strong communities ... and that business has an obligation to support those actions in the communities it servesâ⬠(Lewis). As stated on their company website overview, Bank of America is committed to creating meaningful change in the communities they serve through their philanthropic efforts, associate volunteerism, community development, and investing, support of the arts, and environmental initiatives (Bank of America, n.d.). Their neighborhood revitalization and stabilization programs were designed to aid, restore, and invigorate communities suffering from the growing number of foreclosed and vacant properties. They are further committed to cost-efficient and environmentally sustainable practices that benefit the global community. An example of this is the Bank of America Tower in New York City, one of the world s most environmentally-friendly skyscrapers. Bank of America expects and actively encourages its employees to act ethically, honor Bank of Americaââ¬â¢s code of ethics, care about one another, and value their communities. Core Values Bank of America core values were established to ensure the team of employees is serving their customersââ¬â¢ needs. The five core values are short but strong in words. Established by Bank of America to ensure confidence in consumerââ¬â¢s relation, the five values are:Show MoreRelatedThe Subprime Loan Blog Assignment And References Of Resources Researched Essay1390 Words à |à 6 PagesStates starting somewhere around the middle of 2006. Gilbert (2011) state many levels of contributors participated in this mortgage lending crisis. Gilbert (2011) portends some of these included loan applicants, mortgage brokers, lenders, individual mortgage packagers, agencies that rate mortgages, investment brokers, and advisers, and purchasers of the collateralized mortgage obligations (Gilbert, 2011). People are advised to establish credit early in life to be able to buy homes and automobilesRead MoreCase Study : The Financial Crisis1084 Words à |à 5 PagesEnterprise and Social Responsibility Renato Passos 21271774 Assignment 1 ââ¬â Case Study: The Financial Crisis The purpose of this case study is to provide an introduction to business ethics. The first section of the assignment is an overview of the stakeholders. The second part is the description of an utilitarian perspective and how it should be applied on the case study. This is followed by the definition of the three ââ¬Ëmaximsââ¬â¢, clashes of rights and two normatives theories examined and appliedRead MoreWas the U.S. Federal Governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 Intervention in the Market for Home Ownership Desirable? How Did the Creation of Fannie Mae in 1938, Ginnie Mae in 1968, and Freddie Mac in 1970 Expand Homeownership and Shape1161 Words à |à 5 PagesWas the U.S. federal governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 intervention in the market for home ownership desirable? How did the creation of Fannie Mae in 1938, Ginnie Mae in 1968, and Freddie Mac in 1970 expand homeownership and shape lending practices at banks and other mortgage lending firms? Yes, I do believe that the U.S. federal governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 intervention in the market for homeownership was desirable, not only for the government but also for potential home owners as well as those in construction, etc. PriorRead MoreDiscuss the Importance of Ethics in Business in Light of the Recent Global Financial Crisis (Gfc)1119 Words à |à 5 Pageson the collapses on issues such as immoral practices, governance, regulations, enterprise ethics. Factors to consider with the collapse that lead to the financial crisis is the dangerous outcomes that financial companies were not foreseen in advanced of borrowing mortgages for the companies. The change of ethics through enterprises demonstrate how business approaches to ethics over the past years where ethics is seen in different perspectives. Lessons are learnt from financial failures in the lackRead MoreSubprime Lending1295 Words à |à 6 PagesDefining Subprime Lending The problem to be investigated is the effect of subprime mortgage loans on the economy. According to Merriam Webster subprime is defined as having or being an interest rate that is higher than a prime rate and is extended especially to low-income borrowers; extending or obtaining a subprime loan (Webster, 2012). Subprime mortgage loans are loans given to people with a low credit score. Subprime borrowers normally donââ¬â¢t qualify for prime loans or prime lending. AccordingRead MoreThe Transformation Of Housing Discrimination Toward African American1750 Words à |à 7 Pagesdiscrimination especially from the pre-stage application lenders. Home Ownersââ¬â¢ Loan Corporation (HOLC) and Fair Housing Administration (FHA) are the roots to create housing discrimination toward minority especially for African American; they help the mortgage lender to make excuses to deny the loan to African American because they do not meet the requirements. During 1928, there was a huge crisis in stock market and caused many banks close and people faced foreclosure. In order to respond the crisis,Read MoreCountrywide Financial : A Large Diversified Financial Service Provider1018 Words à |à 5 Pagesfinancial service provider. They operate in five business segments, those being mortgage banking, banking, capital markets, insurance, and global operations. Countrywide was the largest market share among U.S. mortgage originators before unethical actions caused the downfall of the firm. Problems in Countrywideââ¬â¢s loan practices were evident. After the financial crisis of 2008 Countrywide was found to be a significant contributor t o the subprime mortgage debacle. Bank of America was in a position toRead MoreMoral Ethics And Values Based Dilemmas871 Words à |à 4 PagesMoral ethics and values-based dilemmas are ethical principles that difficult to handle at a workplace when employees have to choose what is wrong and right according to their own ethics. An effective ethics program must complement the values of the organization along with the values in the law. Good ethical behavior for any business is always a fundamental to its success. The main key for business owners and managements is to ensure all employees understand all the ethics. This paper discusses howRead MoreTaking a Look at the Great Recession782 Words à |à 3 Pages In 2007, the bursting of the housing bubble of the U.S was at its peak. The bursting resulted in plummeting of security values tied to the U.S. real estate pricing. The complex interplay of policies that provided easier lending of loans, overpricing of sub-prime mortgages, on a theoretical basis that the prices would continue to increase, and inadequate capital holdings from insurance companies and banks to back their financial commitments contributed to the bursting of the bubble (BoatrightRead MoreCountrywide Home Loans ( Countrywide Hl )1466 Words à |à 6 PagesCountrywide Home Loans (Countrywide HL) provide, service, and sell mortgage loans and after-loan services such as collections and payment processing. As a leader in the mortgage industry, they provide these products and services to homeowners through prime and subprime mortgage loans and subsequently resell these loans to investors. In 2009, the United States (US) Treasury Department (Treasury) invested (i.e., US taxpayer -based funding) in Countrywide HL under the Treasuryââ¬â¢s 2009 Troubled Asset Relief Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-52752702594707450392020-05-07T00:03:00.003-07:002020-05-07T00:03:05.158-07:00Ethics in the Mortgage Lending Business - 1566 Words Ethics in the Mortgage Lending Business In America each person believes it is his or her right to own a home. Banks believe they should give each person the money to finance a home. Countrywide was at the forefront for many years in providing loans to consumers. Their ethics were placed into question when homeowners started losing homes after 2006. Bank of America intervened to assist on home loans affected. Their strong code of ethics, team values, and guiding principles ensured clients that their loans would be secured. Ethics During the time prior to the mortgage crisis, the economy was looking good to the mortgage brokers and lenders in the United States as well as new homeowners. After all, it is the ââ¬ËAmerican Dreamââ¬â¢ to own aâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Bank of America s company philosophy is ââ¬Å"we believe, very simply, that it is the actions of individuals working together that build strong communities ... and that business has an obligation to support those actions in the communities it servesâ⬠(Lewis). As stated on their company website overview, Bank of America is committed to creating meaningful change in the communities they serve through their philanthropic efforts, associate volunteerism, community development, and investing, support of the arts, and environmental initiatives (Bank of America, n.d.). Their neighborhood revitalization and stabilization programs were designed to aid, restore, and invigorate communities suffering from the growing number of foreclosed and vacant properties. They are further committed to cost-efficient and environmentally sustainable practices that benefit the global community. An example of this is the Bank of America Tower in New York City, one of the world s most environmentally-friendly skyscrapers. Bank of America expects and actively encourages its employees to act ethically, honor Bank of Americaââ¬â¢s code of ethics, care about one another, and value their communities. Core Values Bank of America core values were established to ensure the team of employees is serving their customersââ¬â¢ needs. The five core values are short but strong in words. Established by Bank of America to ensure confidence in consumerââ¬â¢s relation, the five values are:Show MoreRelatedThe Subprime Loan Blog Assignment And References Of Resources Researched Essay1390 Words à |à 6 PagesStates starting somewhere around the middle of 2006. Gilbert (2011) state many levels of contributors participated in this mortgage lending crisis. Gilbert (2011) portends some of these included loan applicants, mortgage brokers, lenders, individual mortgage packagers, agencies that rate mortgages, investment brokers, and advisers, and purchasers of the collateralized mortgage obligations (Gilbert, 2011). People are advised to establish credit early in life to be able to buy homes and automobilesRead MoreCase Study : The Financial Crisis1084 Words à |à 5 PagesEnterprise and Social Responsibility Renato Passos 21271774 Assignment 1 ââ¬â Case Study: The Financial Crisis The purpose of this case study is to provide an introduction to business ethics. The first section of the assignment is an overview of the stakeholders. The second part is the description of an utilitarian perspective and how it should be applied on the case study. This is followed by the definition of the three ââ¬Ëmaximsââ¬â¢, clashes of rights and two normatives theories examined and appliedRead MoreWas the U.S. Federal Governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 Intervention in the Market for Home Ownership Desirable? How Did the Creation of Fannie Mae in 1938, Ginnie Mae in 1968, and Freddie Mac in 1970 Expand Homeownership and Shape1161 Words à |à 5 PagesWas the U.S. federal governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 intervention in the market for home ownership desirable? How did the creation of Fannie Mae in 1938, Ginnie Mae in 1968, and Freddie Mac in 1970 expand homeownership and shape lending practices at banks and other mortgage lending firms? Yes, I do believe that the U.S. federal governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 intervention in the market for homeownership was desirable, not only for the government but also for potential home owners as well as those in construction, etc. PriorRead MoreDiscuss the Importance of Ethics in Business in Light of the Recent Global Financial Crisis (Gfc)1119 Words à |à 5 Pageson the collapses on issues such as immoral practices, governance, regulations, enterprise ethics. Factors to consider with the collapse that lead to the financial crisis is the dangerous outcomes that financial companies were not foreseen in advanced of borrowing mortgages for the companies. The change of ethics through enterprises demonstrate how business approaches to ethics over the past years where ethics is seen in different perspectives. Lessons are learnt from financial failures in the lackRead MoreSubprime Lending1295 Words à |à 6 PagesDefining Subprime Lending The problem to be investigated is the effect of subprime mortgage loans on the economy. According to Merriam Webster subprime is defined as having or being an interest rate that is higher than a prime rate and is extended especially to low-income borrowers; extending or obtaining a subprime loan (Webster, 2012). Subprime mortgage loans are loans given to people with a low credit score. Subprime borrowers normally donââ¬â¢t qualify for prime loans or prime lending. AccordingRead MoreThe Transformation Of Housing Discrimination Toward African American1750 Words à |à 7 Pagesdiscrimination especially from the pre-stage application lenders. Home Ownersââ¬â¢ Loan Corporation (HOLC) and Fair Housing Administration (FHA) are the roots to create housing discrimination toward minority especially for African American; they help the mortgage lender to make excuses to deny the loan to African American because they do not meet the requirements. During 1928, there was a huge crisis in stock market and caused many banks close and people faced foreclosure. In order to respond the crisis,Read MoreCountrywide Financial : A Large Diversified Financial Service Provider1018 Words à |à 5 Pagesfinancial service provider. They operate in five business segments, those being mortgage banking, banking, capital markets, insurance, and global operations. Countrywide was the largest market share among U.S. mortgage originators before unethical actions caused the downfall of the firm. Problems in Countrywideââ¬â¢s loan practices were evident. After the financial crisis of 2008 Countrywide was found to be a significant contributor t o the subprime mortgage debacle. Bank of America was in a position toRead MoreMoral Ethics And Values Based Dilemmas871 Words à |à 4 PagesMoral ethics and values-based dilemmas are ethical principles that difficult to handle at a workplace when employees have to choose what is wrong and right according to their own ethics. An effective ethics program must complement the values of the organization along with the values in the law. Good ethical behavior for any business is always a fundamental to its success. The main key for business owners and managements is to ensure all employees understand all the ethics. This paper discusses howRead MoreTaking a Look at the Great Recession782 Words à |à 3 Pages In 2007, the bursting of the housing bubble of the U.S was at its peak. The bursting resulted in plummeting of security values tied to the U.S. real estate pricing. The complex interplay of policies that provided easier lending of loans, overpricing of sub-prime mortgages, on a theoretical basis that the prices would continue to increase, and inadequate capital holdings from insurance companies and banks to back their financial commitments contributed to the bursting of the bubble (BoatrightRead MoreCountrywide Home Loans ( Countrywide Hl )1466 Words à |à 6 PagesCountrywide Home Loans (Countrywide HL) provide, service, and sell mortgage loans and after-loan services such as collections and payment processing. As a leader in the mortgage industry, they provide these products and services to homeowners through prime and subprime mortgage loans and subsequently resell these loans to investors. In 2009, the United States (US) Treasury Department (Treasury) invested (i.e., US taxpayer -based funding) in Countrywide HL under the Treasuryââ¬â¢s 2009 Troubled Asset Relief Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-12173554714369253372020-05-07T00:03:00.001-07:002020-05-07T00:03:04.837-07:00Ethics in the Mortgage Lending Business - 1566 Words Ethics in the Mortgage Lending Business In America each person believes it is his or her right to own a home. Banks believe they should give each person the money to finance a home. Countrywide was at the forefront for many years in providing loans to consumers. Their ethics were placed into question when homeowners started losing homes after 2006. Bank of America intervened to assist on home loans affected. Their strong code of ethics, team values, and guiding principles ensured clients that their loans would be secured. Ethics During the time prior to the mortgage crisis, the economy was looking good to the mortgage brokers and lenders in the United States as well as new homeowners. After all, it is the ââ¬ËAmerican Dreamââ¬â¢ to own aâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Bank of America s company philosophy is ââ¬Å"we believe, very simply, that it is the actions of individuals working together that build strong communities ... and that business has an obligation to support those actions in the communities it servesâ⬠(Lewis). As stated on their company website overview, Bank of America is committed to creating meaningful change in the communities they serve through their philanthropic efforts, associate volunteerism, community development, and investing, support of the arts, and environmental initiatives (Bank of America, n.d.). Their neighborhood revitalization and stabilization programs were designed to aid, restore, and invigorate communities suffering from the growing number of foreclosed and vacant properties. They are further committed to cost-efficient and environmentally sustainable practices that benefit the global community. An example of this is the Bank of America Tower in New York City, one of the world s most environmentally-friendly skyscrapers. Bank of America expects and actively encourages its employees to act ethically, honor Bank of Americaââ¬â¢s code of ethics, care about one another, and value their communities. Core Values Bank of America core values were established to ensure the team of employees is serving their customersââ¬â¢ needs. The five core values are short but strong in words. Established by Bank of America to ensure confidence in consumerââ¬â¢s relation, the five values are:Show MoreRelatedThe Subprime Loan Blog Assignment And References Of Resources Researched Essay1390 Words à |à 6 PagesStates starting somewhere around the middle of 2006. Gilbert (2011) state many levels of contributors participated in this mortgage lending crisis. Gilbert (2011) portends some of these included loan applicants, mortgage brokers, lenders, individual mortgage packagers, agencies that rate mortgages, investment brokers, and advisers, and purchasers of the collateralized mortgage obligations (Gilbert, 2011). People are advised to establish credit early in life to be able to buy homes and automobilesRead MoreCase Study : The Financial Crisis1084 Words à |à 5 PagesEnterprise and Social Responsibility Renato Passos 21271774 Assignment 1 ââ¬â Case Study: The Financial Crisis The purpose of this case study is to provide an introduction to business ethics. The first section of the assignment is an overview of the stakeholders. The second part is the description of an utilitarian perspective and how it should be applied on the case study. This is followed by the definition of the three ââ¬Ëmaximsââ¬â¢, clashes of rights and two normatives theories examined and appliedRead MoreWas the U.S. Federal Governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 Intervention in the Market for Home Ownership Desirable? How Did the Creation of Fannie Mae in 1938, Ginnie Mae in 1968, and Freddie Mac in 1970 Expand Homeownership and Shape1161 Words à |à 5 PagesWas the U.S. federal governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 intervention in the market for home ownership desirable? How did the creation of Fannie Mae in 1938, Ginnie Mae in 1968, and Freddie Mac in 1970 expand homeownership and shape lending practices at banks and other mortgage lending firms? Yes, I do believe that the U.S. federal governmentââ¬â¢s 1932 intervention in the market for homeownership was desirable, not only for the government but also for potential home owners as well as those in construction, etc. PriorRead MoreDiscuss the Importance of Ethics in Business in Light of the Recent Global Financial Crisis (Gfc)1119 Words à |à 5 Pageson the collapses on issues such as immoral practices, governance, regulations, enterprise ethics. Factors to consider with the collapse that lead to the financial crisis is the dangerous outcomes that financial companies were not foreseen in advanced of borrowing mortgages for the companies. The change of ethics through enterprises demonstrate how business approaches to ethics over the past years where ethics is seen in different perspectives. Lessons are learnt from financial failures in the lackRead MoreSubprime Lending1295 Words à |à 6 PagesDefining Subprime Lending The problem to be investigated is the effect of subprime mortgage loans on the economy. According to Merriam Webster subprime is defined as having or being an interest rate that is higher than a prime rate and is extended especially to low-income borrowers; extending or obtaining a subprime loan (Webster, 2012). Subprime mortgage loans are loans given to people with a low credit score. Subprime borrowers normally donââ¬â¢t qualify for prime loans or prime lending. AccordingRead MoreThe Transformation Of Housing Discrimination Toward African American1750 Words à |à 7 Pagesdiscrimination especially from the pre-stage application lenders. Home Ownersââ¬â¢ Loan Corporation (HOLC) and Fair Housing Administration (FHA) are the roots to create housing discrimination toward minority especially for African American; they help the mortgage lender to make excuses to deny the loan to African American because they do not meet the requirements. During 1928, there was a huge crisis in stock market and caused many banks close and people faced foreclosure. In order to respond the crisis,Read MoreCountrywide Financial : A Large Diversified Financial Service Provider1018 Words à |à 5 Pagesfinancial service provider. They operate in five business segments, those being mortgage banking, banking, capital markets, insurance, and global operations. Countrywide was the largest market share among U.S. mortgage originators before unethical actions caused the downfall of the firm. Problems in Countrywideââ¬â¢s loan practices were evident. After the financial crisis of 2008 Countrywide was found to be a significant contributor t o the subprime mortgage debacle. Bank of America was in a position toRead MoreMoral Ethics And Values Based Dilemmas871 Words à |à 4 PagesMoral ethics and values-based dilemmas are ethical principles that difficult to handle at a workplace when employees have to choose what is wrong and right according to their own ethics. An effective ethics program must complement the values of the organization along with the values in the law. Good ethical behavior for any business is always a fundamental to its success. The main key for business owners and managements is to ensure all employees understand all the ethics. This paper discusses howRead MoreTaking a Look at the Great Recession782 Words à |à 3 Pages In 2007, the bursting of the housing bubble of the U.S was at its peak. The bursting resulted in plummeting of security values tied to the U.S. real estate pricing. The complex interplay of policies that provided easier lending of loans, overpricing of sub-prime mortgages, on a theoretical basis that the prices would continue to increase, and inadequate capital holdings from insurance companies and banks to back their financial commitments contributed to the bursting of the bubble (BoatrightRead MoreCountrywide Home Loans ( Countrywide Hl )1466 Words à |à 6 PagesCountrywide Home Loans (Countrywide HL) provide, service, and sell mortgage loans and after-loan services such as collections and payment processing. As a leader in the mortgage industry, they provide these products and services to homeowners through prime and subprime mortgage loans and subsequently resell these loans to investors. In 2009, the United States (US) Treasury Department (Treasury) invested (i.e., US taxpayer -based funding) in Countrywide HL under the Treasuryââ¬â¢s 2009 Troubled Asset Relief Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-1249304881103538572020-05-06T08:54:00.001-07:002020-05-06T08:54:37.349-07:00American Revolution Free Essays This lecture examines the American Revolution from a broad perspective. The best part about her lecture is that she breaks it down into five easy steps to understand, and for her being a professor at Yale she probably is one of the top favorite teachers Just because of how easy she breaks her lectures down. Freeman relates herself to one of the Founders, John Adams, because he wasnââ¬â¢t up to the status quo of every other Founder as she states it. We will write a custom essay sample on American Revolution or any similar topic only for you Order Now John was humorous and blunt, but serious and revealing, and thatââ¬â¢s how she is in her lectures. Professor Joanne Freeman is a very intelligent woman that likes to see her students succeed in such a long and very detailed class. Freemanââ¬â¢s video starts off by unraveling her plan for the class, and predicts what she thinks her students thoughts are about the American Revolution. Joanne explains how in high school all that was mainly stressed about the American Revolution was the Declaration of Independence and George Washington, Paul Revere, and Just a ââ¬Å"bunch of battlesâ⬠. Freeman makes it clear to the students to be aware and get passed what youââ¬â¢ve been taught earlier in your life, and she breaks it down into five simple and comprehensive tips to help understand the Revolution and Just piece it altogether. The first tip that Freeman lectures about is by avoiding thinking about the Revolution in terms of a series of facts and dates, in her terms ââ¬Å"a fact bubble. â⬠(Freeman). In greater detail Freeman means that a lot of dates are involved with the Revolution and some are more important than others, and some are Just a string of facts that are there to explain the outcomes that occurred. Like the outcomes that occurred there was a word that disgusted the Founders of that time period, so tip number two is words like democracy, liberty and freedom, arenââ¬â¢t all that they seem to be. Democracy has little to no meaning in the colonial era, but you have to understand the subtle ways this was a moment of defining terms and transformation. â⬠(Freeman). In greater detail Joanne tells the students to think about the meaning of words, not to Just read the definitions, but also to not assume about the words and how they describe the event because they couldââ¬â¢ve meant something completely different now than what they did back then. An example of one of the many words that were brought up around the American Revolution era is democracy. The professor says that ââ¬Å"democracy is a good thing to us now, but not ace then. â⬠Especially Alexander Hamilton, she reads a quote from him and he states democracy as chaos, a disease in fact, and being a Founder it was part of the status quo. Speaking of The Founders, tip three from Freeman is: think of the ââ¬Å"Foundersâ⬠as real people rather than a mystical historic figure. In easier ways to understand, what Joanne means is that the Founders were normal people, she expressed that we tend to forget that they were people not deem-gods walking around with their chest and head held high. The professor also stressed about not getting caught up on trying to dead the way they spoke, reading and listening to their language from their era sounds more intelligent and inspiring than it really is. A big point that was brought to the studentââ¬â¢s attention was the breakdown of looking over the opposing points and putting them together like a puzzle to better understand how it all happened and why. The fourth tip from Freeman was ââ¬Å"remembering the Founders arenââ¬â¢t the only people who made the Revolution. An easier way to understand this is to know that the Founders werenââ¬â¢t men that were dressed up to have a quiet conversation. The Revolution was a popular uprising by a vast amount of colonists fought on American ground by all kinds of Americans. The Founders arenââ¬â¢t the only ones who mattered, the Revolution grounded on the ideas and beliefs of the people throughout many levels of society. Last but not least the fifth tip is remembering the importance of historical contingency and that anything couldââ¬â¢ve happened during the Revolution and the outcome wasnââ¬â¢t inevitable. The way Freeman explains this tip is that a lot of people assume too much of what went on about the colonists, and that itââ¬â¢s important to know body knew what was going to happen in that era because if they did it wouldââ¬â¢ve probably been much more dramatic. Professor Joanne Freeman does a great Job of presenting the logic behind the decisions of the day and the feelings of the people and she doesnââ¬â¢t spend a lot of time on dates and facts. Also, to be able to take out the preconceived notions out of the way and to view what happened, and to understand nothing was certain throughout the American Revolution are an eye opener. References Professor Joanne Freeman: Five Tips for Studying the American Revolution. Peer. Joanne Freeman. Web. How to cite American Revolution, Papers American Revolution Free Essays Between 1760 and 1800 the thirteen colonies rejected the British Monarchy and became the sovereign United States of America, The American revolution is a term used to describe the events that occurred during this time of political turmoil. It was characterized by a number of new social and intellectual ideals that lead to many debates and eventually formed the core values of the United States. This essay will discuss how the revolution affected women, African Americans and working class whites. We will write a custom essay sample on American Revolution or any similar topic only for you Order Now Before and after the American Revolution the concept of mothers instilling values of republicanism in children gave them the identity of the ââ¬Å"Republican Motherhood. â⬠They would encourage their children to uphold the ideas of liberty and their daughters were held responsible of bringing these values to the next generation. This new role allowed a greater number of women to be educated. They also contributed by using ordinary domestic behaviors to influence the war. They boycotted British goods, spied on them, cared for the soldiers, followed armies into battle and cared for families (Berkin, 2006). When speaking about slaves the British would often exploit fear of slave revolts to lower support of the colonists. Though the colonists refuted these claims the British continued making them and in order to still their calls of hypocrisy regarding the rights of those slaves, they abolished slavery altogether in all the northern territories by 1804 freeing their children. The southern states however upheld the slavery laws (Davis p. 148-150, 2006). Additionally the working/poor class situated mainly in the south gained great power after the American Revolution due to their sheer numbers. This allowed them to not only control congress and the Supreme Court. Eventually certain citizens from the south also became president (Heer, 2008). References Berkin, C. (2006). Revolutionary Mothers: Women in the Struggle for Americaââ¬â¢s Independence. New York: Vintage . Davis, D. B. (2006). Inhuman Bondage: The Rise and Fall of Slavery in the New World p. 148-150. New York: Oxford University Press. Heer, J. (2008, March 24). The American Revolution: A Mistake? Retrieved May 20, 2009, from Word Press: http://sanseverything. wordpress. com/2008/03/24/the-american-revolution-a-mistake/ How to cite American Revolution, Papers American Revolution Free Essays The phrase ââ¬Å"no taxation without representationâ⬠was used in Boston but no one is sure who first used it. Boston politician James Otis was famously associated with the phrase ââ¬Å"taxation without representation is tyranny. â⬠The British Parliament had controlled colonial trade and taxed imports and exports, and the Americans have been deprived of a right. We will write a custom essay sample on American Revolution or any similar topic only for you Order Now The English Bill of Rights written in 1689 had forbidden the imposition of taxes without the consent of Parliament. Since the colonists had no representation in Parliament the taxes violated the guaranteed Rights of Englishmen. Parliament said that the colonist had ââ¬Å"virtual representation. â⬠George Greenville defended all the taxes by arguing that the colonist were virtually represented in Parliament. William Pitt, a defender of colonial rights, ridiculed virtual representation. However Parliament rejected criticism of the concept and the passed the Declaratory Act in 1766, stating the right of Parliament to legislate for the colonies in all cases. Americans such as Joseph Galloway debated and circulated plans for the creation of a representative of British Parliament or imperial powers that was to consist of American and British members of Parliament. Despite the facts these ideas were debated and discussed seriously no demand for this development was made.The Americans rejected the Stamp Act of 1765, violently rejected the remaining tax on tea imports, under the Tea Act, at the Boston Tea Party. When the British then used the military to enforce laws the colonist believed Parliament had passed illegally. The colonist responded by forming militias and seized political control of each colony, ousting the Royal governors. The British finally passed a law in 1775 which ended taxation for any colony. Americans possess all the rights of the Englishmen, and the principle of ââ¬Å"no taxation without representationâ⬠was an essential part of the British Constitution. How to cite American Revolution, Papers Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-32347611289915538002020-04-26T20:58:00.001-07:002020-04-26T20:58:03.767-07:00Research Proposal on Girl Child Education Essay ExampleResearch Proposal on Girl Child Education Essay Girl child education is the involvement of the female children into the process of education. Evidently, years ago an educated girl was quite a rare phenomenon. Till the beginning of the 20th century families concentrated on educating their male members, because educating girls did not meet their cultural, financial and ethic requirements. In the majority of the countries of the world girls were deprived of the chance to gain education, because they were believed to have completely different functions in the life of the society: motherhood, household duties, etc. No one believed that women could take the active part in politics, scientific investigations, health care, etc. so most of them did not attend school and saved this priority to the males. In fact, the situation has changed and girls have the right to receive education and they have proved that they are worth it, because today the world has many women-doctors, politicians, inventors, biologists, engineers, etc and there is hardly a sphere in the human life which exists without the effect and contribution of women. Unfortunately, millions of girls all over the world do not have the opportunity to receive education because of the existing prejudice and traditions. For example, millions of girls in Africa, Asia, especially India are deprived on education because of poverty, low level of the social intelligence and other reasons. There are numerous international programs which invest money into the development of girl child education, because every child has the right to receive education and reveal his skills and hidden qualities and reach success in future. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Girl Child Education specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Girl Child Education specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Girl Child Education specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Girl child education is the priority for every civilized country, because high level of intelligence of both males and females will contribute to the improvement of the life in the country. When the student has become interested in the research of the problem on girl child education, he is expected to prepare a good research proposal which will persuade the professor to permit him to investigate this topic deeper. A good girl child education research proposal should express the aim of the research, predictions concerning its results and the relevance of the topic and its value for the discipline. The most problematic moment of research proposal writing is the difficulty of the convincing writing and brief presentation of the essential facts on the topic. If one wants to learn about the most successful style of research proposal writing and logical presentation of the major content, a free example research proposal on girl child education will be at hand. The student can improve his knowledge and writing skills looking through one of the effective well-analyzed free sample research proposals on girl child education written by an expert. NOTE!!! All free sample research proposals and examples on Girl Child Education are 100% plagiarized, we are here to help you! EssayLib.com is a leading research proposal writing service, which can offer you the solution you have been looking for. With thousands of written research papers and proposals for Masterââ¬â¢s and PhD degrees, we can give you exactly what you need at very affordable prices. Our experienced writers will prove you that high quality and exclusivity is a trademark of our products. We can guarantee your confidentiality and promise you strict on time delivery. There are many reasons for EssayLib.com to become your favorite research proposal writing service, but all we are asking you ââ¬â just give us a try! Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-34235471502646257882020-03-19T02:14:00.001-07:002020-03-19T02:14:02.406-07:00Free Essays on 2PacTupac Shakur (2Pac) Tupac Shakur was born in Brooklyn, NY in 1971. Early in his life, he moved to Baltimore, ND, where he attended The Baltimore School, Tupac led a lasting impression on his teachers and was showing tremendous potential. Unfortunately, Tupac was unable to continue his training. He moved to Oakland, California with the rest of his family. Thatââ¬â¢s when Tupac began hanging with the wrong crowd. Tupac later got into the rap and acting business, he was dedicated to both rap/hiphop and acting. Tupac was very real, whatever was on his mind he said it in his lyrics. Not held back by his lack of formal education, Tupac joined the Rap group Digital Underground as a dancer. Not long before the group achieved award-winning success, Tupac released his own album ââ¬Å"2pacalypse nowâ⬠, which was also a success. The hit single ââ¬Å"Brendaââ¬â¢s Got A Babyâ⬠launched Tupacââ¬â¢s career like a rocket. His stunning talent also hot him a role in the motion picture ââ¬Å"Juiceâ⠬ . Tupac eventually released a second album ââ¬Å"Strictly for my Niggaz,â⬠which was an even bigger success. The highlight of Tupacââ¬â¢s acting career came when he appeared in ââ¬Å"Poetic Juiceâ⬠besides Janet Jackson. The role Jackson 2 made Tupac a household name and showed the world that music may not be Tupacââ¬â¢s number one thing. In the midst of a role in the movie ââ¬Å"Above the Rimâ⬠and a Platinum album ââ¬Å"Me against the world,â⬠Tupacââ¬â¢s rising career was snagged. A woman he met at a nightclub brought him up on sexual assault charges. Hours before Tupac would be found guilty, men whose intent and purpose is still uncertain robbed Tupac at gunpoint. Tupac was eventually released at over $1 Million in bail. After his release, Tupac answered his critics by releasing his best album, ââ¬Å"All eyes on me.â⬠ââ¬Å"All eyes on meâ⬠has currently sold around 6 Million copies, which is revolutionary for a double cd. Especially in Hip Hop music. As the album climbed the charts, ... Free Essays on 2pac Free Essays on 2pac Tupac Shakur (2Pac) Tupac Shakur was born in Brooklyn, NY in 1971. Early in his life, he moved to Baltimore, ND, where he attended The Baltimore School, Tupac led a lasting impression on his teachers and was showing tremendous potential. Unfortunately, Tupac was unable to continue his training. He moved to Oakland, California with the rest of his family. Thatââ¬â¢s when Tupac began hanging with the wrong crowd. Tupac later got into the rap and acting business, he was dedicated to both rap/hiphop and acting. Tupac was very real, whatever was on his mind he said it in his lyrics. Not held back by his lack of formal education, Tupac joined the Rap group Digital Underground as a dancer. Not long before the group achieved award-winning success, Tupac released his own album ââ¬Å"2pacalypse nowâ⬠, which was also a success. The hit single ââ¬Å"Brendaââ¬â¢s Got A Babyâ⬠launched Tupacââ¬â¢s career like a rocket. His stunning talent also hot him a role in the motion picture ââ¬Å"Juiceâ⠬ . Tupac eventually released a second album ââ¬Å"Strictly for my Niggaz,â⬠which was an even bigger success. The highlight of Tupacââ¬â¢s acting career came when he appeared in ââ¬Å"Poetic Juiceâ⬠besides Janet Jackson. The role Jackson 2 made Tupac a household name and showed the world that music may not be Tupacââ¬â¢s number one thing. In the midst of a role in the movie ââ¬Å"Above the Rimâ⬠and a Platinum album ââ¬Å"Me against the world,â⬠Tupacââ¬â¢s rising career was snagged. A woman he met at a nightclub brought him up on sexual assault charges. Hours before Tupac would be found guilty, men whose intent and purpose is still uncertain robbed Tupac at gunpoint. Tupac was eventually released at over $1 Million in bail. After his release, Tupac answered his critics by releasing his best album, ââ¬Å"All eyes on me.â⬠ââ¬Å"All eyes on meâ⬠has currently sold around 6 Million copies, which is revolutionary for a double cd. Especially in Hip Hop music. As the album climbed the charts, ... Free Essays on 2Pac Tupac Music: Censored or Let It Be? ââ¬Å"Censorshipâ⬠recently we have been hearing a lot about the need for censorship of television and recording industries. Whether it is the cartoon Beavis and Butthead, the controversial television drama NYPD Blue or rap recording artists, someone always seems to argue about their negative effects on society and the need for government regulation. Being a fan of rap, I am particularly interested in issues effecting regulation of the recording industry and rap artists. Popular gangsta rappers include Dr. Dre, Snoop Doggy Dog, Tupac Shakur, Ice Cube, and Ice T. Many are outraged at the explicit lyrics of the songs and the lifestyles of these artists. Tupac Shakur is one of the most publicized gansta rappers whose songs contain explicit lyrics and who has been indicted for criminal activities. Tupac was a gangster rap artist who practiced what he preached. Because of his profanity and lyrics, people say he should be censored. He has the right to rap about whatever he wishes, because itââ¬â¢s his way to expressing his feelings, itââ¬â¢s not against the law, and itââ¬â¢s the truth. Tupac uses a lot of profanity, and his lyrics are inappropriate for kids. The song ââ¬Å"Hit emââ¬â¢ Upâ⬠starts off with vulgar language and has negative content. ââ¬Å"First off, *censored* your bitch and the click you claim West Side when we ride comin' equipped with game You claim to be a playa but I *censored*ed your wife We bust on Bad Boy niggas *censored*ed for life.â⬠His music is for young adults, not for young kids who are easily influenced. Kids wonââ¬â¢t know what Tupac is really rapping about anyway, but the more they hear it and grow up with it, the more it will become a part of them. The Yim 2 lyrics to most of his songs are about death and about life in the ghetto. Even though all of it is reality, kids should not be exposed at such a young age. Tupac expresses his feelings by letting it flow onto the paper and then i... Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-20615704165712538862020-03-02T17:58:00.001-08:002020-03-02T17:58:02.465-08:00How to Write a ContractHow to Write a Contract Learning how to write a contract can save you a lot of money and aggravation. Typically people find themselves in a position where they need to hire a lawyer to negotiate the terminology of a contract. This can get quite costly, especially when the parties keep going back and forth changing certain items. By knowing how to write a contract youââ¬â¢ll be aware of each word and phrase thatââ¬â¢s being utilized in this document. This puts you in a better position of knowledge. Many have tried to save money by writing their own contract only to find that theyââ¬â¢ve neglected to include details that may be needed to make the contract binding. These are very important documents and should not be attempted unless you learn how to write a contract. Contracts can be long and complicated documents or they can be short and sweet. Knowing how to write a contract is simply a matter of common sense. You must be aware of what information is essential to the matter at hand and including details that will avoid any future confusion should the matter ever come to a dispute. Keep in mind that you need to clearly state any detail that could be attacked in court. Ask how certain terms would hold up against a skilled lawyer in a courtroom. If you find yourself able to argue points included in your contract then perhaps you need to go back and rephrase or make your point clearer. The whole point of knowing how to write a contract is to make it so that there is no question surrounding the terms of the document. Before beginning a contract, write out an outline of the terms included in the agreement. Ask questions about those terms outlined to try and foresee any possible complications. Know and understand the terminology that is typically used in a contract. Many times confusion over a simple word or phrase can break apart a contractual agreement between parties. Using a good contract form is essential to knowing how to write a contract. The proper form provides a strong foundation upon which to build a contract. Typically one begins with the parties involved in the transaction. Itââ¬â¢s important to include their full legal names as well as nicknames so that there is no confusion over who is involved. Throughout the document, always refer to the parties by the names you have them listed as in the beginning of the contract and avoid any misspelling. Another important thing to know is that the date should be listed in the first paragraph of this paper. Key a blank space within the paragraph so that the date can be written in as the parties both sign the agreement. Knowing how to write a contract means being organized with your thoughts as you type this document up. Keep it simple yet concise. Avoid any loose terminology that could be misinterpreted. Avoid any creative writing and do not rely on grammatical rules that you may have learned in school. Contract writing needs to be absolutely clear leaving no room for misinterpretation. Never try to speed read through your contract when editing it, as you will certainly leave lots of room for misinterpretation that can cost you a lot of money. Once you have learned how to write a contract, youââ¬â¢ll find that it is quite simple as long as you know and understand the rules. Knowing how to write a contract can be quite profitable for those who engage in business practices regularly but find that attorney fees for writing contracts can get quite steep. In the beginning, it may be helpful to seek out advice from an experienced person but once you have the essentials of contract writing down, you should be able to write contracts with ease. Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-66262307926479940462020-02-15T09:24:00.001-08:002020-02-15T09:24:03.608-08:00Divine Roles Across Cultures Matrix Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsDivine Roles Across Cultures Matrix - Assignment Example He was among the hateful gods in regard to his father Zeus. He used to get into battles in the company of his fellow gods. In the myth, he is described as having an attractive and charming personality. Huitzilopochtli is a male god of war whom he is shown to have dominated a number of features that are mainly. Huitzilopochtli promised to protect her mother and later on killed her murderers while he was in his motherââ¬â¢s womb. Within the myth of origin, how does this divinity compare with other divinities? How does this divinity interact with or compare to divinities of the same gender and to divinities of the opposite gender? Huitzilopochtli gained importance among Aztec gods at a slow rate. He was ranked similarly to Quetzalcoatl and others. He replaced the classical god of the sun later on in Nahua legends. His darkness struggle needed considerable sacrifices such as human blood to protect the continuous earthââ¬â¢s survival. Ares persisted in the unchanging fight together with his brothers and other Greek gods. He was very aggressive. He did a wonderful role during godsââ¬â¢ war in the Olympians victory. He was competitive despite being misled easily by female goddesses. Huitzilopochtli depended on weapons that need experience and enough skill to become proficient in. These weapons included swords and knives. His age increased at a slower rate although he was not immortal. Ares had powers of superhuman strength, regeneration, superhuman speed and fire manipulation power. He, in particular, had no signature weapon as he was a god of war. He commonly used either a sword or a spear together with a shield. Four-fire breathing horses depicted him towards the battle. . Identify one character from contemporary culture that shares characteristics of each divinity and explains why you chose each character. What real-life ideals does this divine role represent? How attainable are these ideals? Huitzilopochtli is regarded as a hummingbird. Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-74738860477411321282020-02-02T07:02:00.001-08:002020-02-02T07:02:02.225-08:00The Joy Luck Club Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsThe Joy Luck Club - Research Paper Example According to him, the ââ¬Ëmatrilinealââ¬â¢ connection between the mother and daughter has not only been portrayed through the stories, but the direction of photography and the visuals scenes are very well organized. Each of the stories have been interlinked very beautifully which makes this movie all the more popular among the viewers. The director chose the actors very carefully because they needed to play the roles and get into the shoes of the characters in order to play their part properly (Li). The second article was published by John Mullan, who described the narration of the movie in a very interesting way and how the mothers played the most important role in the movie. According to Mullan, the story has been divided into two parts. The first and the last parts are essentially the stories of the four mothers and how they met each other frequently over a card game. The second and third parts in the film depict the lives of the daughters and how they describe their ââ¬Ësilently soup eating fatherââ¬â¢ who watch the game of their mothers. Interestingly, the movie has concentrated upon the lives of the women, but no importance has been given to the men of the society (Mullan). The third article was published on a website called Turner Classic Movies (www.tcm.com) where more importance was given in understanding how the movie was prepared with the help of the earlier published book. According to the website, the project was initially rejected, but as the book started becoming popular and was later translated into 23 languages worldwide after being in the NewYork best seller weeks for 75 weeks, there were second thoughts about directing the movie. After the popularity of the movie, the Oscar winning director, Ronald Bass also helped Wayne Wang (director) and Amy Tan (author) in writing the screenplay of the movie (Passafiume). The last article in this research study is more like a movie review of the Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-27223505229487973722020-01-25T03:25:00.001-08:002020-01-25T03:25:03.647-08:00Developement Of Computers :: essays research papers à à à à à There is no noun with the ability to represent modern life other than computer. Whether the effect is negative or positive, computers control nearly every aspect of our everyday life. Computers have evolved from bearing the role of strictly computing to having the ability of completing unthinkable tasks. Supermarket scanners calculate our grocery bill while keeping store inventory; computerized telephone switching centers play traffic cop to millions of calls and keep lines of communication untangled; and ATMââ¬â¢s let us conduct banking transactions form virtually anywhere in the world. à à à à à Around five thousand years ago in Asia , a simple machine called the Abacus , bearing a system of sliding beads arranged on a rack such as ones found in a pool hall may be considered the first computer. Merchants used the Abacus to record their barter transactions. Its popularity began to fall when the use of paper and pencil spread particularly throughout Europe, its importance diminished. à à à à à Computers were looked at as a way to simplify large workloads into discreet tasks. The United States census of 1880 took seven years to tally. The fear of later censuses taking an even more absurd amount of time to count, the bureau turned to technology. An American inventor also applied the concept to computing. He fed cards storing data into a machine compiling the results instinctively. Punched holes in the cards would represent letters and number, a single hole depicted a number, while a combination of two holes portrayed a letter. This allowed the census results in six weeks. Not only did the machine remarkably decrease the amount of time the census took, but also the cards used represented stored memory of the census and reduced computational errors. It found its way into the business world founding Tabulating Machine Company in 1896, which later became International Business Machines (IBM) in 1924. After this point in history the evolution of the computer is began to become an increased desired area of interest. à à à à à The first major interest began with the onset of World War II. A German engineer developed a computer to design airplanes and missiles. The British were also in the race of enhancing computer technology. They completed a secret code-breaking computer used to decode German messages. The existence of the machine was not uncovered until decades after the war. à à à à à The first all-electronic calculator was design by a Harvard engineer in 1944 who was working with IBM. The calculator was about the size of one half a football field and consisted of 500 miles of writing. It was called the Harvard-IBM Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator. Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-56521030612795414182020-01-16T23:48:00.001-08:002020-01-16T23:48:05.772-08:00Genetic Engineering in Food Production EssayGenetic Engineering in Food Production: Is it Safe, Wise, and Moral? Over the past couple of decades, the genetic engineering has been found and is regarded as the improvement of advanced technology in the field of biology. Ever since the first gene was cloned in 1973, genetic engineers have been pursuing at break-neck speed the unlimited possibilities promised by biotechnology . Their excitement, which has generated billions of investment dollars for the industry, is understandable. Bioengineering allows scientists to identify specific gene sequences responsible for particular characteristics and then to transfer the genes ââ¬â and the specific trait ââ¬â into entirely different species. One of the more current and controversial issue in the field of biotechnology is the use of bioengineering in food production. Scientists are experimenting with many different plants, but the genetic engineering of the tomato, dubbed Flavr Savr has been the most highly publicized project by far. The new tomato is supposed to boast more red and be tastier due to its longer staying time on the vine, thereby giving it more time to accumulate sweetness; yet, it will not rot or spoil because of its new genetic makeup. (Davidson 1993). With this advanced technology scientists argue that it could offer the greatest hope in the aid to stop hunger in Third World countries. This new technology could be used to make bulk levels of food production more efficient and less costly. However, despite all of its advantages in creating better crops, many people are very skeptical about its safe and possible long-term health effects. Moreover, the social issue lies deep in the realm of ethical and moral concerns. Do people really want to eat meat that is leaner and tastier but contains genes from humans? Or, would individuals (like vegetarians) be able to eat certain vegetables that may contain genes from animals? Personally, I would not support the use of genetic engineering in food production based on moral and ethical reasons: I do not think that scientists should be able to use their knowledge and social prestige in society to be able to play the role of God in creating new or better living things even if their justification is for the purpose of serving mankind. Although we still have much to learn about genes, recently developed techniques have already given rise to a new technology of molecular genetics. Genetic engineering, also known as gene splicing/manipulation and recombinant DNA technology is a set of techniques for reconstructing, or deliberately manipulating, the genetic material of an organism. Operating at the molecular level, this process involves the addition, deletion, or reorganization of pieces of an organismââ¬â¢s DNA (known as genes) in order to alter that organismââ¬â¢s protein production (Arms et al. 1994). The use and applications of genetic engineering range from medical and pharmaceutical to industrial crops and food products. Its applications, today or in the future, includeâ⬠¦creating improved strains of crops and farm animals (Arms et al. 1994). All of these applications rely on the ability to transplant genes into a cellââ¬â¢s makeup, or genome. The new gene may come from another organism, of the same species, or it may contain DNA produced in the laboratory. One example, the new Flavr Savr tomato, developed by Calgene, a biotechnology company based in Davis, California, was subjected to years of scrutiny before the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) agreed that it was safe to eat. They found, copied, and rebuilt a gene that lets these tomatoes stay on the vine without softening and spoiling. That means that the fruit can develop more of the sugars and acids that make a home-grown tomato taste so sweet and rich. Conventional tomatoes sold in the stores are often hard and flavorless because they are picked while green and firm enough to transport, then ââ¬Ëripenedââ¬â¢ by spraying with ethylene (Wood 1995). This turns the tomato red but does nothing to develop a riper flavor. Ethylene, a colorless, odorless gas that once kicks in, so do all the problems of perishability (Wood 1995). Since tomatoes have a softening gene, it produces RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) to help manufacture a protein that causes rotting. To stop the tomatoes going soft too soon, the researchers devised a way to block production of the enzyme polygalacturonase, which breaks down cell walls and eventually causes the fruit to rot (Miller 1994). The Calgene scientists inserted a mirror image of the softening gene that produces a reverse copy of the RNA. This reverse RNA blocks the action of the regular RNA and helps to preserve the fruit. All in all, Calgene seems to have produced a good but hardly outstanding tomato using antisense technology, given all the propaganda and advertisements. A couple of the reasons for why the tomato failed were because: (a) the manipulation of the ripening gene had unintended consequences (soft skin, weird taste, compositional changes); and (b) the high price ââ¬â they tried selling it at first for$2. 99 a pound (as expensive as organic tomatoes), then later dropped the price to $2. 49, then $1. 99, then . 99. Furthermore, the general public does not seem persuaded or have caught up with this trend yet. For one, people are greatly concerned about the safety of the product since the FDA does not insist that genetically engineered foods carry a special label, even though the FDA assured consumers that they can be confident in knowing that foods produced by genetic engineering are as safe as food in our grocery stores today, stated FDA Commissioner David A. Kessler, MD (Miller 1994). However, critics have cited a case in which at least 31 people died and 1500 contracted a fatal blood disease after ingesting a genetically engineered batch of L-trytophan, a dietary supplement (Davidson 1993). Without proper labeling it will be impossible for consumers to exercise their right to choose what kind of foods they eat. Another issue among consumers and environmental activist groups is that of moral and ethical concerns. Many people feel that scientists might have gone too far in terms of experimentation. We have now come to the end of the familiar pathway of leaving everything to the creation of Mother Nature. With the rise of advanced technology in genetics, scientists now possess the ability to manipulate genes, and redirect the course of evolution. They can reassemble old genes and devise new ones. They can plan, and with computer simulation, anticipate the future forms and paths of life. Hence, the old ways of evolution will be dwarfed by the role of purposeful human intelligence. However, just as nature stumbled upon life billions of years ago and began the process of evolution, so too would the new creators of life find that living organisms all have a destiny of their own. To evaluate the validity of the benefits of this technology, we need to answer three simple questions: Is it safe, is it wise, is it moral? Sinsheimer 1987). To answer the first question about whether it is safe, if the technological developments are kept open to public knowledge and scrutiny, I think in the short term it could be. This way the general public can monitor the hazards of any new product introduced into the biosphere, and can probably cope with any immediate problems or consequences. In answering the second question of whether it is wise, I would say that it is not. Through decades of research, scientists have learned of the different pathogens that prey on humans, animals, and major crops. But I believe that their knowledge is still very limited in trying to understand what led to these organismsââ¬â¢ existence and modes of adaptation. Thus scientists cannot really predict whether all their new discoveries and creations might somehow lead to a new and unexpected group of harmful species since potential organisms that could be converted by one or more mutations be transformed from harmless bugs to serious risks. Finally, to answer the question of the advantages of genetic engineering in terms of morality and ethics, I can only say that the more we create, the more problems we will have in the long run in trying to solve them. Life has evolved on this planet into a delicately balanced and fragile network of selfsustaining interactions and equilibrium. If we try to change or replace the creatures and vegetation of this earth with human-designed forms to conform to human will, I believe we will forget our origins and inadvertently collapse the ecological system in which we were found. Moreover, do we really want to assume the full responsibility for the structure and make-up of our world? I think that we seriously need to intervene between the scientists and engineers to consider a solution that will help slow down all of these experiments so that we could step back and look at what we are doing. If not, I think that these practicing scientists and researchers should be more broadly educated in our humanistic values and traditions. They need to understand the implications of what they are doing in order to be able to balance the concerns of the natural environment and that of societyââ¬â¢s humanistic needs; to bear in mind that technology exists only to serve and not create. Human beings, are of course, sprung from the same DNA and built of the same molecules as all other livings things. But if we begin to regard ourselves as just another group of subjects to test our experiments on by altering or tampering with the foods we eat, just like another crop to be engineered or another breed to be perfected, we will surely lose our awe of humanity and undermine all sense of human dignity. Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3832937934102227975.post-20196373547060200652020-01-08T20:09:00.001-08:002020-01-08T20:09:02.248-08:00Felicity Conditions Definition and Examples Inà pragmaticsà (the study of how to do things with words)à and speech-act theory, the term felicity conditions refers to the conditions that must be in place and the criteria that must be satisfied for a speech act to achieve its purpose. In other words, says Mark Liberman, an instructor at theà University of Pennsylvania, a sentence must not only beà grammaticalà to be correctly performed, it must also beà felicitous, or well-suited for the purpose. English Language and Linguistics Onlineà (ELLO) gives the example of a marriage scene in a movie: Have you ever asked yourselfà why the words I now pronounce you husband and wife do not create a legal marriage between two people when uttered in the context of a film set? Of course, the actors in the scene are not really legally married, even if they both say I do, before the thespian justice of the peace or clergyperson recites these words. The conditions are not in place and the criteria are not satisfied for thisà speech actà to achieve its purposeââ¬ânamely that the bride and groom enter into a marriage that is legally binding. And the person officiating has no legal authority to pronounce the two husband and wife. Thus, the speech act in the movie marriage scene is not felicitous. Types of Felicity Conditions There are several types of felicitous conditions, notes ELLO, including the following: Propositional content, which requires participants to understand language, not toà actà like actorsPreparatory, where the authority of the speaker and the circumstances of the speech act are appropriate to its being performed successfullySincerity, where the speech act is being performed seriously and sincerelyEssential, where theà speaker intends that an utterance be acted upon by the addressee For example, Patrick Colm Hogan in Philosophical Approaches to the Study of Literature describes felicity conditions with this example: Suppose I am in a play and deliver the line I promise to kill the evil Don Fernando. I have not, in fact, promised to kill anyone. ... The speech actà fails because, among other things, I must have a certain institutional authority for my words to have the appropriateà illocutionary force. ... [The] speech act [also] fails because the words are uttered in aà contextà where they are not used by the speaker, but in effect quoted from a text. In this example, Hogans speech is infelicitous because he does not meet the propositional content condition: Heà is actually acting. He also does not meet the preparatory condition because he certainlyà does not have the authority to kill anyone. He doesnt meet the sincerity condition because he doesnt actually intend to kill anyoneââ¬âas noted, he is only acting. And he doesnt meet the essential condition because hes not expecting that his words will be acted upon; in other words, he doesnt actually intend for someone else to kill Fernando. Other Examples and Observations Performativesà areà utterancesà in which saying is doing, and they are only successful if certainà felicity conditionsà are fulfilled, says authorà Guy Cook in his book Discourseà (Language Teaching: A Scheme for Teacher Education). For a speech act to be felicitous, says Cook: The sender believes the action should be done.The receiver has the ability to do the action.The receiver has the obligation to do the action.The sender has the right to tell the receiver to do the action. Ifà any oneà of these conditions is not fulfilled, the utterancesà are not felicitous. The reason is that felicity conditions are conventions that speakers and addressees use as a code to produce and recognize actions, says psychology professor William Turnbull in Language in Action: Psychological Models of Conversation. In other words, says Turnbull, for felicity conditions to exist, the speaker must utter words that are heard by receivers. The receiver then should take some kind of action based on those words. If the speaker is unintelligible, lacks the authority or status to speak those words, or is insincere, then her utterances are infelicitous. If the listener doesnt act on those words, then the speech is infelicitous. Only if all of these conditions are metà are the utterances from the speaker considered felicitous. Sources Cook, Guy. Discourse (Language Teaching: A Scheme for Teacher Education). Paperback, 1st Edition edition, OUP Oxford, June 29, 1989. Hogan, Patrick Colm. Philosophical Approaches to the Study of Literature. Hardcover, 1st edition, University Press of Florida, September 30, 2001. Turnbull, William. Language in Action: Psychological Models of Conversation. International Series in Social Psychology, 1st Edition, Routledge, April 13, 2003. Meredith Folsehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05930354269564015197noreply@blogger.com0